Описание пропеллера со слов Орвилла: Orville Wright, “How We Made the First Flight,” Flying and the Aero Club of America Bulletin 2 (December 1913): 10, https://www.faa.gov/education/educators/curriculum/k12/media/k-12_how_we_made_the_first_flight_orville_wright.pdf.
Фрейминг и экономическое развитие: World Bank Group, World Development Report 2015: Mind, Society, and Behavior (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2015).
Теория Блэка – Шоулза: Donald MacKenzie, An Engine, Not a Camera: How Financial Models Shape Markets (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006).
Живучесть плохих фреймов: Karla Hoff and Joseph E. Stiglitz, “Equilibrium Fictions: A Cognitive Approach to Societal Rigidity,” American Economic Review 100, no. 2 (May 2010): 141–46, https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.100.2.141.
Чтение про себя: Paul Saenger, Space Between Words: The Origins of Silent Reading (Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1997).
Проблема фрейма: John McCarthy and Patrick Hayes, “Some Philosophical Problems from the Standpoint of Artificial Intelligence,” vol. 4 of Machine Intelligence, eds. Bernard Meltzer and Donald Michie (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1969), 463–502.
Робот Деннета: “Cognitive Wheels: The Frame Problem of AI,” in Minds, Machines and Evolution, ed. Christopher Hookway (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984), 129–51, dl.tufts.edu/concern/pdfs/7d279568g.
Задача о девяти точках: John Adair, Training for Decisions (London: Macdonald, 1971). Puzzle book: Sam Loyd, Sam Loyd’s Cyclopedia of 5000 Puzzles (New York: Lamb, 1914). In psychological experiments on creativity: Norman Maier, “Reasoning in Humans: I. On Direction,” Journal of Comparative Psychology 10, no. 2 (1930): 115–43; Norman Maier, “Reasoning in Humans: II. The Solution of a Problem and Its Appearance in Consciousness,” Journal of Comparative Psychology 12, no. 2 (1931): 181–94.
Размышления Бернанке у окна: Ben Bernanke, The Courage to Act: A Memoir of a Crisis and Its Aftermath (New York: Norton, 2015), 83.
История экономики: Joel Mokyr, “The Intellectual Origins of Modern Economic Growth,” Journal of Economic History 65, no. 2 (June 2005): 285–351, https://www.jstor.org/stable/3875064; Daniel R. Fusfeld, The Age of the Economist, 9th ed. (Boston: Addison– Wesley, 2002); Callum Williams, “Who Were the Physiocrats?” Economist, October 11, 2013, https://www.economist.com/free-exchange/2013/10/11/who-were-the-physiocrats; Kate Raworth, “Old Economics Is Based on False ‘Laws of Physics’ – New Economics Can Save Us,” Guardian, April 6, 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2017/apr/06/kate-raworth-doughnut-economics-new-economics.
Взгляды Бернанке, согласно которым политика Федеральной резервной системы после биржевого краха 1929 года была ошибочной: Ben Bernanke, “Federal Reserve and the 2008 Financial Crisis,” speech given at George Washington University, March 27, 2012, C-SPAN video, 1:15:12, https://www.c-span.org/video/?305130-1/federal-reserve-2008-financial-crisis Ben Bernanke interviewed by Scott Pelley, 60 Minutes, “The Chairman,” March 15, 2009, YouTube video, 13:23, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=odPf HY4ekHA.
Прозвище «Вертолетчик Бен»: Ben Bernanke, “Deflation: Making Sure ‘It’ Doesn’t Happen Here,” speech to the National Economists Club, Washington, DC, November 21, 2002, transcript, https://www.federalreserve.gov/BOARDDOCS/SPEECHES/2002/20021121/default.htm.
Последовательность краха финансовых учреждений: авторитетное свидетельство см.: Andrew Ross Sorkin, Too Big to Fail: The Inside Story of How Wall Street and Washington Fought to Save the Financial System– and Themselves (New York: Viking, 2009).
Сомнения франшизы McDonald’s в том, сможет ли она выплатить зарплату: интервью Роберта Смита с Эндрю Россом Соркиным, “Inside the Minds of Wall Street Execs,” NPR Weekend Edition, September 18, 2010, расшифровка и аудиозапись, https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=129953853.
Опустошение банкоматов: The Untold Story of the 2008 Financial Crisis, directed by John Maggio, aired December 11, 2018, on HBO, https://www.hbo.com/vice/special-reports/panic-the-untold-story-of-the-2008-financial-crisis.
Баланс Федеральной резервной системы с 2008 по 2015: Elizabeth Schulze, “The Fed Launched QE Nine Years Ago – These Four Charts Show Its Impact,” CNBC, November 24, 2017, https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/24/the-fed-launched-qe-nine-years-ago-these-four-charts-show-its-impact.html. См. также: Michael Ng and David Wessel, “The Fed’s Bigger Balance Sheet in an Era of ‘Ample Reserves,” Brookings, May 17, 2019, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2019/05/17/the-feds-bigger-balance-sheet-in-an-era-of-ample-reserves/.
Люди мыслят каузально: Мы говорим здесь не о цепочке причин и следствий, а о каузальной связи в более широком смысле. Подробнее об этом см. Joseph Henrich, The Secret of Our Success: How Culture Is Driving Human Evolution, Domesticating Our Species, and Making Us Smarter (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2015).
Обезьяны боятся змей: Eric E. Nelson, Steven E. Shelton, and Ned H. Kalin, “Individual Differences in the Responses of Naïve Rhesus Monkeys to Snakes,” Emotion 3, no. 1 (March 2003): 3–11; Masahiro Shibasaki and Nobuyuki Kawai, “Rapid Detection of Snakes by Japanese Monkeys (Macaca fuscata): An Evolutionarily Predisposed Visual System,” Journal of Comparative Psychology 123, no. 2 (May 2009): 131–35.
Дошкольники определяют присутствие змей: Vanessa LoBue and Judy S. De-Loache, “Detecting the Snake in the Grass: Attention to Fear-Relevant Stimuli by Adults and Young Children,” Psychological Science 19, no. 3 (March 2008): 284–89.
Младенцы и падающие предметы: Renée Baillargeon, “Infants’ Physical Knowledge: Of Acquired Expectations and Core Principles,” in Language, Brain, and Cognitive Development: Essays in Honor of Jacques Mehler, ed. Emmanuel Dupoux (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001), 341–61.
Умные вороны: Leyre Castro and Ed Wasserman, “Crows Understand Analogies,” Scientific American, February 10, 2015, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/crows-understand-analogies.
Пределы вороньей сообразительности: Alex H. Taylor et al., “Do New Caledonian Crows Solve Physical Problems Through Causal Reasoning?” Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276, no. 1655 (January 22, 2009): 247–54.
Соотношение ворон и других птиц на обеденном столе: источником вдохновения для шутки послужило превосходное выступление Элисон Гопник для TED, см. Alison Gopnik, “What Do Babies Think?” filmed July 2011, TED video, https://www.ted.com/talks/alison_gopnik_what_do_babies_think.
«Когнитивная ниша» Пинкера: термин как таковой не принадлежит Пинкеру, хотя ассоциируется с ним более, чем с кем-либо другим. Как указывал сам Пинкер, идея и фраза были позаимствованы у антропологов Джона Туби и Ирвин Девоур. См. “Listen to Psycholinguist Steven Pinker Speak About ‘Cognitive Niche’ in Early Modern Human Evolution,” transcript, Britannica, May 29, 2015, https://www.britannica.com/video/193409/Psycholinguist-Steven-Pinker-humans-evolution-niche.
Метафорическая абстракция: Конкретный пример и цитата взяты из: Steven Pinker, “The Cognitive Niche: Coevolution of Intelligence, Sociality, and Language,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, supplement 2 (May 2010): 8993–99, https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/early/2010/05/04/0914630107.full.pdf. Следует заметить, что пионер искусственного интеллекта Дуглас Хофштадтер впоследствии изучал сходное явление, аналогии, которые считает основой того, как люди воспринимают реальность. См.: Douglas Hofstadter and Emmanuel Sander, Surfaces and Essences: Analogy as the Fuel and Fire of Thinking (New York: Basic Books, 2014).
Совместная деятельность людей и человеческое сознание: Michael Tomasello, A Natural History of Human Thinking (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2014); Michael Tomasello, Becoming Human: A Theory of Ontogeny (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2019).
Эксперимент Томаселло с трубками: Felix Warneken, Frances Chen, and Michael Tomasello, “Cooperative Activities in Young Children and Chimpanzees,” Child Development 77, no. 3 (May/June 2006): 640–63.
Смешение когнитивной и культурной ниши: Rachel L. Kendal, “Explaining Human Technology,” Nature Human Behaviour 3, no. 5 (April 2019): 422–23, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-019-0578-6.
Опыт с колесом: Maxime Derex et al., “Causal Understanding Is Not Necessary for the Improvement of Culturally Evolving Technology,” Nature Human Behaviour 3, no. 5 (April 2019): 446–52, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-019-05679. См. также “Can Technology Improve Even Though People Don’t Understand What They Are Doing?” press release, Arizona State University, April 1, 2019, https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-04/asu-cti032819.php.
Скорость изменений в технике и когнитивная ниша: Kendal, “Explaining Human Technology”.
Внесение искажений в процесс исследования альтернатив: Maxime Derex and Robert Boyd, “The Foundations of the Human Cultural Niche,” Nature Communications 6, no. 1 (September 24, 2015): 8398.
Переход наших предков к оседлому образу жизни: John R. McNeill and William H. McNeill, The Human Web: A Bird’s-Eye View of World History (New York: Norton, 2003).
История Земмельвейса: Sherwin Nuland, The Doctors’ Plague: Germs, Childbed Fever, and the Strange Story of Ignác Semmelweis (New York: Norton, 2004). См. также Rebecca Davis, “The Doctor Who Championed Hand-Washing and Briefly Saved Lives,” NPR Morning Edition, January 12, 2015, расшифровка и аудиозапись: https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/01/12/375663920/the-doctor-who-championed-hand-washing-and-saved-women-s-lives?t=1577014322310.