213 Гилберт и коллеги: D. E. Levari et al., «Prevalence-Induced Concept Change in Human Judgment,» Science 360 (2018): 1465–67.
215 его ядерный арсенал: G. Easterbrook, The Progress Paradox: How Life Gets Better While People Feel Worse (New York: Random House, 2003), Kindle.
216 Объяснение этому появилось: F. K. Barlow et al., «The Contact Caveat: Negative Contact Predicts Increased Prejudice More Than Positive Contact Predicts Reduced Prejudice,» Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 38 (2012): 1629–43.
216 клеймит большинство: S. Paolini and K. McIntyre, «Bad Is Stronger Than Good for Stigmatized, but Not Admired Outgroups: Meta-analytical Tests of Intergroup Valence Asymmetry in Individual-to-Group Generalization Experiments,» Personality and Social Psychology Review 23 (2019): 3–47, https://doi.org/1088868317753504.
217 Джесс Уолкер документирует: J. Walker, The United States of Paranoia: A Conspiracy Theory (New York: HarperCollins, 2013).
217 более $1 триллиона: C. J. Coyne and A. Hall, «Four Decades and Counting: The Continued Failure of the War on Drugs,» Cato Institute Policy Analysis No. 811, April 12, 2017, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2979445.
217 уличные цены: D. Werb et al., «The Temporal Relationship Between Drug Supply Indicators: An Audit of International Government Surveillance Systems,» BMJ Open 3 (2013): e003077, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013–003077, and T. Bronshtein, «Explore How Illegal Drugs Have Become Cheaper and More Potent over Time,» Stat, November 16, 2016, https://www.statnews.com/2016/11/16/illegal-drugs-price-potency/.
218 пятьдесят миллионов американцев: J. Dahlhamer et al., «Prevalence of Chronic Pain and High-Impact Chronic Pain Among Adults – United States, 2016,» Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 67 (2018): 1001–6, http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6736a2.
218 1 или 2 процента: J. Sullum, «Trump Says Pain Pills Are ‘So Highly Addictive.’ He’s Wrong,» Reason, August 17, 2018, https://reason.com/blog/2018/08/17/trump-says-pain-pills-are-so-highly-addi, and M. Szalavitz, «Opioid Addiction Is a Huge Problem, but Pain Prescriptions Are Not the Cause,» Scientific American, May 10, 2016, https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/mind-guest-blog/opioid-addiction-is-a-huge-problem-but-pain-prescriptions-are-not-the-cause/.
218 исследования медицинского журнала: G. A. Brat et al., «Postsurgical Prescriptions for Opioid Naive Patients and Association with Overdose and Misuse: Retrospective Cohort Study,» BMJ 360 (2018): j5790, https://www.bmj.com/content/360/bmj.j5790, and M. Noble et al., «Long-Term Opioid Management for Chronic Noncancer Pain,» Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1 (2010): CD006605, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006605.pub2.
218 ежегодный опрос федерального правительства: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Results from the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables (2018), tables 6.53B, 1.82A, 5.2A, https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/cbhsq-reports/NSDUHDetailedTabs2017/NSDUHDetailedTabs2017.htm#tab1–82A.
218 Типичная жертва: E. M. Johnson et al., «Unintentional Prescription Opioid-Related Overdose Deaths: Description of Decedents by Next of Kin or Best Contact, Utah, 2008–2009,» Journal of General Internal Medicine 28 (2013): 522–29, and J. Sullum, «Opioid Commission Mistakenly Blames Pain Treatment for Drug Deaths,» Reason, November 2, 2017, http://reason.com/blog/2017/11/02/opioid-commission-mistakenly-blames-pain.
218 погибают, смешав их: A. J. Visconti, G. M. Santos, N. P. Lemos, C. Burke, and P. O. Coffin, «Opioid Overdose Deaths in the City and County of San Francisco: Prevalence, Distribution, and Disparities,» Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 92 (2015): 758–72; New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, «Epi Data Brief,» June 2016, https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/down loads/pdf/epi/databrief72.pdf; and J. Sullum, «Are You More Likely to Be Killed by Opioids Than a Car Crash?» Reason, January 17, 2019, https://reason.com/blog/2019/01/17/are-you-more-likely-to-be-killed-by-opio. Sullum analyzes 2017 data from the CDC database Multiple Cause of Death, https://wonder.cdc.gov/mcd-icd10.html.
218 героин и фентанил: J. Bloom, «Dear PROP/CDC, Here’s What Happens When You Over-Restrict Pills: More Deaths. Nice Going,» American Council on Science and Health, December 12, 2018, https://www.acsh.org/news/2018/12/12/dear-propcdc-heres-what-happens-when-you-over-restrict-pills-more-deaths-nice-going-13663, and J. A. Singer, «As If We Needed It, More Evidence Emerges Showing That the Government Has Changed the Opioid Crisis into a Fentanyl Crisis,» Cato at Liberty, November 2, 2018, https://www.cato.org/blog/we-needed-it-more-evidence-emerges-showing-government-has-changed-opioid-crisis-fentanyl-crisis.
218 рост количества смертей из-за опиума: National Center for Health Statistics, «Data Brief 329,» November 2018, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db329_tables-508.pdf, analyzed in J. Sullum, «Opioid-Related Deaths Keep Rising as Pain Pill Prescriptions Fall,» Reason, November 29, 2018, https://reason.com/blog/2018/11/29/opioid-related-deaths-keep-rising-as-pai.
218 следующий ящик Пандоры: J. Tierney, «The Optimists Are Right,» New York Times Magazine, September 29, 1996, https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/29/magazine/the-optimists-are-right.html.
219 жестоких «безумцев железной дороги»: E. F. Torrey and J. Miller, The Invisible Plague: The Rise of Mental Illness from 1750 to the Present (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2001), 98, and J. Hayes, «The Victorian Belief That a Train Ride Could Cause Instant Insanity,» Atlas Obscura, May 12, 2017, https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/railway-madness-victorian-trains.
219 как заметил Бэйли: Bailey, End of Doom, 75.
219 формы демагогии: W. Tucker, Progress and Privilege: America in the Age of Environmentalism (Garden City, NY: Anchor, 1982), 89.
220 Наша ограбленная планета: F. Osborn, Our Plundered Planet (Boston: Little, Brown, 1948).
220 Путь к Выживанию: W. Vogt, Road to Survival (New York: W. Sloane Associates, 1948).
220 Римский Клуб: D. H. Meadows, D. L. Meadows, J. Randers, and W. W. Behrens III, The Limits to Growth (New York: Universe Books, 1972), 23.
220 в «великом вымирании»: P. Ehrlich, «Looking Backward from 2000 A.D.,» Progressive, April 1970, 23–25, quoted in V. Brent Davis, Armageddon (Springville, UT: CFI, 2005), 16.
220 имея «официальное разрешение»: P. R. Ehrlich, A. H. Ehrlich, and J. P. Holdren, Ecoscience: Population, Resources, Environment (San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1977), 786–77.
220 худшие из нарушений прав человека в двадцатом веке: M. Connelly, Fatal Misconception: The Struggle to Control World Population (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2008), and C. Mann, The Wizard and the Prophet: Two Remarkable Scientists and Their Dueling Visions to Shape Tomorrow’s World (New York: Knopf, 2018), 522–23.
221 убьет миллиард людей: P. Ehrlich, The Machinery of Nature (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1987), 274.
221 в 2009 году во время слушания для подтверждения: U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Nominations Hearing, February 12, 2009, https://www.commerce.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/hearings?ID=9BA25FEA-5F68–4211-A181–79FF35A3C6C6.
221 меньше сорока тысяч: J. Hasell and M. Roser, «Famines,» Our World in Data, 2019, https://ourworldindata.org/famines.
221 из-за гражданских войн: S. Sengupta, «Why 20 Million People Are on Brink of Famine in a ‘World of Plenty,’ «New York Times, February 22, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/22/world/africa/why-20-million-people-are-on-brink-of-famine-in-a-world-of-plenty.html.
221 почти тридцать тысяч предсказаний: P. E. Tetlock, preface to Expert Political Judgment (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2017), Kindle.
222 самая знаменитая книга: M. Olson, The Rise and Decline of Nations: Economic Growth, Stagflation, and Social Rigidities (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1982). Material is drawn from this book and from interviews with Olson in the 1980s.
222 писатель Джонатан Рауч: J. Rauch, Demosclerosis: The Silent Killer of American Government (New York: Times Books, 1994).
223 известному афоризму: G. F. Seib, «In Crisis, Opportunity for Obama,» Wall Street Journal, November 21, 2008, https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122721278056345271.
224 Кризис и Левиафан: R. Higgs, Crisis and Leviathan: Critical Episodes in the Growth of American Government (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987).
224 подавил Greenpeace: D. Ropeik, «Golden Rice Opponents Should Be Held Accountable for Health Problems Linked to Vitamin A Deficiency,» Scientific American, March 15, 2014, https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/golden-rice-opponents-should-be-held-accountable-for-health-problems-linked-to-vitamain-a-deficiency/.
224 половина американцев: Pew Research Center, «Public Perspectives on Food Risks,» November 19, 2018, http://www.www.pewresearch.org/science/2018/11/19/public-perspectives-on-food-risks/.
224 заставила чиновников Замбии: H. E. Cauvin, «Between Famine and Politics, Zambians Starve,» New York Times, August 30, 2002, https://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/30/world/between-famine-and-politics-zambians-starve.html.
224 140 Нобелевских Лауреатов: Laureates Letter Supporting Precision Agriculture (GMOs), http://supportprecisionagriculture.org/nobel-laureate-gmo-letter_rjr.html.
224