Notes
1
«Warhol and the Amiga». The Andy Warhol Museum. https://www.warhol.org/exhibition/warhol-and-the-amiga/ (дата обращения: 09.10. 2023)
2
Martin B. Sweatman and Alistair Coombs, «Decoding European Palaeolithic Art: Extremely Ancient Knowledge of Precession of the Equinoxes», Athens Journal of History 5, no. 1 (31 января 2019 г.): 1–30.
3
Игра слов: Etherium – название криптовалюты, что означает «эфир».
4
Honour, Hugh, and John Fleming. A World History of Art. London: Laurence King Publishing, 2009, 466–469.
5
Gombrich, E. H. The Story of Art. London: Phaidon Press, 2021, 215.
6
Karpova, T. Henryk Siemeradzki. Dancing among Swords: Moscow, 2022, 55.
7
Rea, Naomi. «Super-Curator Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev Talks about Hito Steyerl’s Latest Work and Why AI Is Actually “Artificial Stupidity”». Artnet News, November 26, 2018. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/carolyn-christov-bakargiev-interview-1396936.
8
Castello di Rivoli. «Beeple Everymonths». https://www.castellodirivoli.org/en/opera_digitale/mike-winkelmann-alias-beeple-in-conversazione-con-carolyn-christov-bakargiev-stagione-i-e-ii (дата обращения: 5.10.2023).
9
MOMA announces a special project for the winter season by media artist. (дата обращения: 04.08.2023)
10
«Six N. Five (Ezequiel Pini) Six N. Five: Flow: 50th Anniversary Contemporary Evening Auction: 2023». Sotheby’s. (дата обращения: 04.08.2023)
11
Sotheby’s Metaverse. https://metaverse.sothebys.com/gen-art-vera-molnar (дата обращения: 04.08.2023)
12
Robillard, Gaëtan. A Vision without a sight: From Max Bense’s theory to the dialectic of… http://www.generativeart.com/GA2019_web/22_Ga %C3 %ABtan %20Robillard_Alain %20Lioret_paper_168x240.pdf (дата обращения: 05.10.2023).
13
What Is Generative Art and Why Does It Matter? | USA Art News, July 18, 2022. https://usaartnews.com/news/what-is-generative-art-and-why-does-it-matter.
14
Nake, Frieder. «The Pioneer of Generative Art: Georg Nees». Leonardo 51, no. 3 (2018): 277–79. https://doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01325.
15
Victoria and Albert Museum. «Computer Art Collection: V&A Explore the Collections». Victoria and Albert Museum. (дата обращения: 31.07.2023)
16
Galanter, Philip. What is Genart? (дата обращения: 07.06.2023)
17
«Art Definition». Encyclopædia Britannica. (дата обращения: 27.07.2023)
18
McCarthy, Kevin F. The Performing Arts in a new era. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 2001. P7.
19
Kaloh. «The State of the Generative Art Market [2023 Update].» Kaloh’s Newsletter, June 11, 2023.
20
Hobbs, Tyler. «QQL Tool». QQL. https://qql.art/ (дата обращения: 05.08.2023).
21
Kaloh. «The State of the Generative Art Market [2023 Update]». Kaloh’s Newsletter, June 11, 2023.
22
Anadol, Refik. «Refik Anadol Post on Instagram». Instagram, June 10, 2023. (Facebook/Instagram – проект Meta Platforms Inc., деятельность которой в России запрещена).
23
Paul, Christiane. Digital Art. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd, 2023. P. 15–18.
24
Museum, Victoria and Albert. «Computer Art Catalogue | V&a Explore the Collections». Victoria and Albert Museum: https://collections.vam.ac.uk/search/?id_category=THES49037 (дата обращения: 05.10.2023)
25
Tao, Feng. «A New Harmonisation of Art and Technology: Philosophic Interpretations of Artificial Intelligence Art». Critical Arts 36, no. 1–2 (August 21, 2022): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2022.2112725.
26
Elger, Dietmar, Uta Grosenick, and Michael Scuffil. Dadaism. Köln: Taschen, 2022.
27
«Marcel Duchamp and the Readymade». MoMA. (дата обращения: 06.08.2023)
28
Honour, Hugh, and John Fleming. A world history of art. London: Laurence King Publishing, 2018. P. 843–855.
29
Art Machines Machine Art at Museum Tinguely Part 1. YouTube, March 26, 2008. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZpEYLa9PGs.
30
«Collection Online of Museum Tinguely». Collection of work of Jean Tinguely | Museum Tinguely Basel. (дата обращения: 06.08.2023).
31
Honour, Hugh, and John Fleming. A world history of art. London: Laurence King Publishing, 2018. 841–843.
32
Honour, Hugh, and John Fleming. A world history of art. London: Laurence King Publishing, 2018. P. 845–847.
33
Там же. С. 851–853.
34
Marzona, Daniel, and Uta Grosenick. Conceptual art. Köln: Taschen, 2005. P. 6–8.
35
Honour, Hugh, and John Fleming. A world history of art. London: Laurence King Publishing, 2018. P. 853.
36
Museum, Victoria and Albert. «Oscillon 40: Laposky, Ben: V&A Explore the Collections». Victoria and Albert Museum: Explore the Collections. (дата обращения: 06.08.2023).
37
Paul, Christiane. Digital Art. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd, 2023. P.15.
38
Glowski, Janice. «Charles A. Csuri», July 30, 2006. https://www.otterbein.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2018/11/csuri_glowski_beyond_boundries.pdf.
39
Anadol, Refik. «Artificial Realities: Coral». Refik Anadol, January 16, 2023.
40
Lloyd-Smith, Harriet. «Maxim Zhestkov’s Hypnotic Digital Art Makes Virtual Worlds Tangible». Wallpaper.com. (дата публикации: 05.08.2022).
41
«John Whitney – Experiments in Motion Graphics 1968 – Generative Graphics». YouTube, January 28, 2019.
42
Crowther, Paul. «Ontology and Aesthetics of Digital Art». The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 66, no. 2 (2008): 161–70. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40206323. P. 164.
43
Mazzone, Marian. «Andy Warhol: Computational Thinking, Computational Process». Leonardo 53, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 1–7. P. 179–181. https://doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01574.
44
Findlay, Michael. The Value of Art (New, expanded edition): Money. Power. Beauty. (p. 11). Prestel Verlag. Kindle Edition.
45
Ehrmann, Thierry. «The Contemporary Art Market Report 2022». artprice. Accessed October 8, 2023. https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-contemporary-art-marketreport-2022/top-200-artists-under-40.
46
«The Contemporary Art Market Report 2022». Artprice. www.artprice.com (дата обращения: 03.10.2023).
47
Gerlis, Melanie. 2014. Art as an Investment? Ashgate Publishing.P.13
48
«Luxury Insights Report: Blockchain, NFTs and the Future of Collectibles | ArtTactic», ArtTactic | Art Market Research & Analysis For The Art World, March 6, 2023.
49
Artprice. «Véra MOLNAR (1924) Auction Prices, Worth, Estimate, Buy, Sell, Value – Artprice». Artprice.com (дата обращения: 03.10.2023).
50
Artprice. «Bridget Riley (1931) Auction Prices, Worth, Estimate, Buy, Sell, Value – Artprice». Artprice.com. (дата обращения: 09.03.2023).
51
«CryptoPunks». NonFungible.com (дата обращения: 01.10.2023).
52
«Art Blocks». NonFungible.com (дата обращения: 03.10.2023).
53
Artprice. «Adrian Ghenie (1978) Auction Prices, Worth, Estimate, Buy, Sell, Value – Artprice». Artprice.com. (дата обращения: 09.03.2023).
54
«Bridget Riley Prints UK – Bridget Riley Art For Sale». Bridget Riley prints UK – Bridget Riley Art for sale. (дата обращения: 09.03.2023).
55
Artprice. «Bridget Riley (1931) Auction Prices, Worth, Estimate, Buy, Sell, Value – Artprice». Artprice.com. https://www.artprice.com/artist/24462/bridget-riley (дата обращения: 09.03.2023).
56
Kakar, Arun. «The State of the Market for Women Artists’ Work». Artsy, March 8, 2023. https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-state-market-women-artists-work.
57
Artprice. «Véra MOLNAR (1924) Auction Prices, Worth, Estimate, Buy, Sell, Value – Artprice», Artprice.com. Artprice.com (дата обращения: 03.10.2023)
58
Artprice. «Bridget Riley (1931) Auction Prices, Worth, Estimate, Buy, Sell, Value – Artprice». Artprice.com. https://www.artprice.com/artist/24462/bridget-riley (дата обращения: 09.03.2023).
59
Gerlis, Melanie. Art as an Investment? Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2014.P.16–18.
60
Thaddaeus Ropac. «Adrian Ghenie», n.d. https://ropac.net/artists/44-adrian-ghenie/.
61
Artprice. «Adrian Ghenie (1977) Auction Prices, Worth, Estimate, Buy, Sell, Value – Artprice». Artprice.com. https://www.artprice.com/artist/347132/adrian-ghenie (дата обращения: 09.08.2023).
62
Batycka, Dorian. «Paris’s Centre Pompidou Breaks New Ground by Acquiring 18 NFTs». The Art Newspaper – International art news and events, February 14, 2023. https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2023/02/14/pariss-centre-pompidou-breaks-new-ground-by-acquiring-18-nfts.
63
Wang, Yizhi. «Volatility Spillovers across NFTs News Attention and Financial Markets». SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160949.
64
Renneboog, Luc, and Christophe Spaenjers. «Buying Beauty: On Prices and Returns in the Art Market». Management Science 59, no. 1 (2013): 36–53. P.51. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23359604.
65
Wang, Yizhi. «Volatility Spillovers across NFTs News Attention and Financial Markets». SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4160949.
66
Там же С.2, С. 17.
67
Bernbrock, Justin, Jennifer Nassiri, and Pouneh Almasi. «Ownership Issues in Crypto Cases». American Bankruptcy Institute Journal 42, no. 4 (04, 2023): 12–13, 68.
68
Notaro, Anna. «All That Is Solid Melts in the Ethereum: The Brave New (Art) World of NFTs». Journal of Visual Art Practice 21, no. 4 (November 7, 2022): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/14702029.2022.2129204.
69
www.christies.com. «BEEPLE (B. 1981) Human One, Lot 6345173».
70
www.christies.com. «BEEPLE (B. 1981) Human One, Lot 6345173».
71
Mattei, Shanti Escalante-De. «Beeple: China’s Deji Art Museum Seems like “Great Stewards” for S.2122 Sculpture». ARTnews.com, March 29, 2023. ARTnews.com.
72
Art Basel – крупнейшая международная коммерческая художественная ярмарка. Ежегодно она проходит в Базеле (Швейцария), Майами-Бич (США), Гонконге и Париже. Art Basel предоставляет площадку для галерей, где они могут демонстрировать и продавать свои работы покупателям.
73
Mattei, Shanti Escalante-De. «Beeple: China’s Deji Art Museum Seems like “Great Stewards” for S.2122 Sculpture». ARTnews.com, March 29, 2023.
74
Findlay, Michael. The Value of Art (New, expanded edition): Money. Power. Beauty. (p. 13). Prestel Verlag. Kindle Edition.
75
Hiscox Online Art Trade Report 2021. Accessed October 4, 2023. P21. (дата обращения: 04.10.2023).
76
Hiscox Online Art Trade Report 2021. Accessed October 4, 2023. P21. (дата
обращения: 04.10.2023).
77
Liu, Bai. «Arguments for the Rise of Artificial Intelligence Art: Does AI Art Have Creativity, Motivation, Self-Awareness and Emotion?» Arte, Individuo Y Sociedad Avance en línea (April 18, 2023): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5209/aris.83808.
78
Jones, Nicola. «How Scientists Are Embracing NFTs». Nature, June 18, 2021.
79
Kali Hays, «OpenAI Offers a Way for Creators to Opt out of AI Training Data. It’s so Onerous That One Artist Called It “Enraging”». Business Insider. (дата обращения: 05.10.2023).
80
Gareth Harris, «The Dawn of Blockchain? CryptoPunks Evangelist Noah Davis on Why the Centre Pompidou NFT Show Is a Game-Changer», The Art Newspaper – International art news and events, April 7, 2023.
81
Joanna Zylinska, «Art in the Age of Artificial Intelligence», Science 381, no. 6654 (July 14, 2023): 139–140.
82
McAndrew, Clare. «The Art Basel and UBS Global Art Market Report». Art Basel. (дата обращения: 7.06.2023).
83
Отчет о галерее за 2022 год, Artsy.
84
«Market Analysis | Art Market Research & Analysis», ArtTactic | Art Market Research & Analysis For The Art World. (дата обращения: 05.10.2023).
85
«Harold Cohen – Biography, Shows, Articles & More», Artsy. (дата обращения: 05.10.2023).
86
Например, недавний аукцион Веры Мольнар на «Sotheby’s. Metaverse». Metaverse.sothebys.com (дата обращения: 03.10.2023).
87
Ежегодный отчет Art Basel является самым авторитетным аналитическим изданием по анализу данных по рынку искусства.
88
McAndrew, Clare, «The Art Basel and UBS Global Art Market Report», Art Basel.
89
Hiscox Online Art Trade Report 2021. Accessed October 4, 2023. https://www.hiscox.es/sites/spain/files/2021-10/21674a %20 %20Hiscox %20online %20art %20trade %20report %202021 %20- %20part %20one.pdf.
90
«Generative AI in Art Market Size, Share, and Forecast 2032», MarketResearch.biz.
91
«Generative AI in Art Market Size, Share, and Forecast 2032». MarketResearch.biz.
92
«Generative AI to Become a $1.3 Trillion Market by 2032, Research Finds | Press | Bloomberg LP». Bloomberg.com (дата обращения: 05.10.2023).
93
Там же.
94
Рассчитано автором на основе отчета Art Basel Report. McAndrew, Clare, «The Art Basel and UBS Global Art Market Report», Art Basel.
95
Ben Devis. «An Extremely Intelligent Lava Lamp: Refik Anadol’s A.I. Art Extravaganza at MoMA Is Fun, Just Don’t Think about It Too Hard». Artnet News, January 23, 2023.
96
Gareth Harris, «The Dawn of Blockchain? CryptoPunks Evangelist Noah Davis on Why the Centre Pompidou NFT Show Is a Game-Changer», The Art Newspaper – International art news and events, April 7, 2023.
97
«Natively Digital 1.3: Generative Art: 2022», Sotheby’s. (дата обращения: 05.10.2023).
98
«MA Computational Arts», Goldsmiths, University of London. (дата обращения: 04.10.2023).
99
Louis Jebb, «Olafur Eliasson Launches a Virtual Reality Work and NFT Commissioned by MetaKovan – the Man Who Paid $69.3m for “That” Beeple», The Art Newspaper – International art news and events, September 5, 2022.
100
Richard Whiddington, «Damien Hirst’s New A.I. Project, Which Asked Collectors to Generate Their Own Paintings, Earned Him $20 Million in Nine Days», Artnet News, April 21, 2023.
101
«Art NFT Collecting», www.arttechreport.com (дата обращения: 04.10.2023).
102
Jerry Saltz, «MoMA’s Glorified Lava Lamp», Vulture, February 22, 2023.
103
GOV.UK. «A Pro-Innovation Approach to AI Regulation». GOV.UK, March 29, 2023.
104
Christian Hugo Hoffmann and Benjamin Hahn, «Decentered Ethics in the Machine Era and Guidance for AI Regulation», AI & SOCIETY, October 12, 2019, P. 635.
105
Singh, Asha Lee Jai. «Is the Current UK Copyright Framework Sufficient for Protecting Emerging Technology in Ai-Generated Art?» Art, Antiquity & Law 27, no. 1 (04, 2022): 39–64: 39–64. https://search-ebscohost-com.ezproxy.sothebysinstitute.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asu&AN=157560321&site=ehost-live
106
«Federal Register: Request Access», March 15, 2023. unblock.federalregister.go.
107
Evan Gourvitz, «Can Works Created with AI Be Copyrighted? Copyright Office Issues Formal Guidance | Insights | Ropes & Gray LLP».
108
Adam Schrader, «Another A.I. – Generated Artwork Was Denied Copyright Protection, Adding a New Knot to the Complexities of Creative Ownership», Artnet News, September 26, 2023.
109
Thomas H. Davenport and Nitin Mittal, «How Generative AI Is Changing Creative Work», Harvard Business Review, November 14, 2022.
110
Atreya Mathur, «ArtIstic or ArtIficial? Ownership and Copyright Concerns in AI-Generated Artwork», Center for Art Law, November 21, 2022.
111
Rességuier, Anaïs, and Rowena Rodrigues. 2020. «AI Ethics Should Not Remain Toothless! A Call to Bring Back the Teeth of Ethics». Big Data & Society 7 (2): 2053951720942541.
112
Small, Zachary. «Black Artists Say A.I. shows Bias, with Algorithms Erasing their History». New York Times.
113
Там же.
114
Facebook/Instagram – проект Meta Platforms Inc., деятельность которой в России запрещена.