Опыт Maersk, Новой Зеландии и объединений гражданского общества, говорит о том, что организации и отдельные лица не могут достичь успеха, следуя традиционным подходам. История – процесс, в котором убеждения, практики и доктрины эволюционируют. Прошло время, когда организации видели и преследовали только свои интересы, не принимая в расчет интересы других стейкхолдеров. В обществе, которое так взаимосвязано и где успех каждого участника в большой степени зависит от взаимодействия с остальными, можно принимать решения только в случае прогнозируемого положительного эффекта для всей системы. Для компаний, в частности, это означает, что те, кто придерживается концепции преимущественного права акционеров, идут против ветра. Попутный ветер, в свою очередь, будет обеспечен тем, кто распознал знаки времени и реализует на практике модель капитализма для всех заинтересованных сторон.
1 “Why New Zealand Decided to Go for Full Elimination of the Coronavirus,” Alice Klein, New Scientist, June 2020, https://www.newscientist.com/article/2246858-why-newzealand-decided-to-go-for-full-elimination-of-the-coronavirus/#ixzz6T1rYuK5U.
2 “New Zealand Isn’t Just Flattening the Curve. It’s Squashing It,” Anna Fifield, The Washington Post, April 2020, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/new-zealand-isntjust-flattening-the-curve-its-squashing-it/2020/04/07/6cab3a4a-7822-11ea-a311-adb1344719a9_story.html.
3 “Why New Zealand Decided to Go for Full Elimination of the Coronavirus,” Alice Klein, New Scientist, June 2020, https://www.newscientist.com/article/2246858-why-new- zealanddecided-to-go-for-full-elimination-of-the-coronavirus/#ixzz6T1rYuK5U.
4 PM Jacinda Ardern’s full lockdown speech, Newsroom, March 2020, https://www.newsroom.co.nz/2020/03/23/1096999/pm-jacinda-arderns-full-lockdown-speech.
5 “The World’s Youngest Female Leader Takes Over in New Zealand,” The Economist, October 2017, https://www.economist.com/asia/2017/10/26/the-worlds-youngest-female-leadertakes-over-in-new-zealand.
6 “New Zealand Isn’t Just Flattening the Curve. It’s Squashing It,” Anna Fifield, The Washington Post, April 2020, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/new-zealand-isntjust-flattening-the-curve-its-squashing-it/2020/04/07/6cab3a4a-7822-11ea-a311-adb1344719a9_story.html.
7 “Coronavirus: New Zealand Records Biggest GDP Quarterly Fall in 29 years – Top Kiwi Economist, Newshub, July 2020, https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/money/2020/07/coronavirus-new-zealand-records-biggest-gdp-quarterly-fall-in-29-years-top-kiwieconomist.html.
8 “World Economic Outlook,” International Monetary Fund, October 2020, Chapter 1, p. 56, https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2020/09/30/world-economicoutlook-october-2020.
9 “New Zealand Beat Covid-19 by Trusting Leaders and Following Advice – Study,” Eleanor Ainge Roy, The Guardian, July 2020, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/24/new-zealand-beat-covid-19-by-trusting-leaders-and-following-advice-study.
10 Там же.
11 “New Zealand Beat the Virus Once. Can It Do It Again?” The New York Times, August 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/13/world/asia/new-zealand-coronavirus-lockdownelimination.html.
12 “Leading the Fight Against the Pandemic: Does Gender ‘Really’ Matter?” Supriya Garikipati (University of Liverpool), Uma Kambhampati (University of Reading), June 2020 https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3617953.
13 “Do Countries with Female Leaders Truly Fare Better with Covid-19?” Alexandra Ossola, Quartz, July 2020, https://qz.com/1877836/do-countries-with-female-leaders-truly-farebetter-with-covid-19/.
14 Там же.
15 Всемирная организация здравоохранения называет это «общегосударственный» подход, См.: https://www.who.int/global-coordination-mechanism/dialogues/glossarywhole-of-govt-multisectoral.pdf.
16 Biography Bai Chong-En, Tsinghua University, People’s Republic of China, http://crm.sem.tsinghua.edu.cn/psc/CRMPRD/EMPLOYEE/CRM/s/WEBLIB_SPE_ISCT.TZ_SETSPE_ISCRIPT.FieldFormula.IScript_SpecialPages?TZ_SPE_ID=251.
17 Интервью Питера Ванхэма с Чун Энь Байем, Пекин, сентябрь 2019 г.
18 “Redlining,” Encyclopedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/redlining.
19 “Key Facts about the Uninsured Population,” Kaiser Family Foundation, December 2019, https://www.kff.org/uninsured/issue-brief/key-facts-about-the-uninsured-population/.
20 “53 % of Americans Say the Internet Has Been Essential During the COVID-19 Outbreak,” Pew Research Center, April 2020, https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2020/04/30/53-of-americans-say-the-internet-has-been-essential-during-the-covid-19-outbreak/.
21 “59 % of US Parents with Lower Incomes Say Their Child May Face Digital Obstacles in Schoolwork,” Pew Research Center, September 2020, https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/09/10/59-of-u-s-parents-with-lower-incomes-say-their-child-may-facedigital-obstacles-in-schoolwork/.
22 “Is a Successful Contact Tracing App Possible? These Countries Think So,” MIT Technology Review, August 2020, https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/08/10/1006174/covidcontract-tracing-app-germany-ireland-success/.
23 “Why Singapore Has One of the Highest Home Ownership Rates,” Adam Majendie, Bloomberg City Lab, July 2020, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-07-08/behind-the-design-of-singapore-s-low-cost-housing.
24 “HDB’s Ethnic Integration Policy: Why It Still Matters,” Singapore Government, April 2020, https://www.gov.sg/article/hdbs-ethnic-integration-policy-why-it-still-matters.
25 Там же.
26 “Why Singapore Has One of the Highest Home Ownership Rates,” Adam Majendie, Bloomberg City Lab, July 2020, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-07-08/behind-the-design-of-singapore-s-low-cost-housing.
27 “Singapore Remains the 2nd Most Expensive Housing Market in the World after Hong Kong,” CBRE, April 2019, https://www.cbre.com/singapore/about/media-centre/ singaporeremains-the-2nd-most-expensive-housing-market-in-the-world-after-hong-kong.
28 “What Other Countries Can Learn from Singapore’s Schools,” The Economist, August 2018, https://www.economist.com/leaders/2018/08/30/what-other-countries-can-learn-fromsingapores-schools.
29 “What Other Countries Can Learn from Singapore’s Schools,” The Economist, August 2018, https://www.economist.com/leaders/2018/08/30/what-other-countries-can-learn-fromsingapores-schools.
30 “Education System Designed to Bring Out Best in Every Student: PM,” The Straits Times, January 2020, https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/education-system-designed-to-bringout-best-in-every-student-pm.
31 “The Healthiest Countries to Live In,” BBC, April 2020, http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200419-coronavirus-five-countries-with-the-best-healthcare-systems.
Индекс Legatum «измеряет, в какой степени люди в каждой стране здоровы и имеют доступ к услугам, необходимым для поддержания хорошего здоровья, включая результаты мероприятий по охране здоровья, работоспособности системы здравоохранения, болезни и факторы риска, а также уровень смертности».
32“What Can the US Health System Learn From Singapore?” Aaron E. Carroll, The New York Times, April 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/22/upshot/singapore-healthsystem-lessons.html.
33 “Is Singapore’s ‘Miracle’ Health Care System the Answer for America?” Ezra Klein, Vox, April 2017, https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/4/25/15356118/singaporehealth-care-system-explained.
34 “What Can the US Health System Learn From Singapore?” Aaron E. Carroll, The New York Times, April 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/22/upshot/singapore-healthsystem-lessons.html.
35 “Smart Nation: The Way Forward,” Government of Singapore, November 2018, https://www.smartnation.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/smart-nationstrategy_nov2018.pdf?sfvrsn=3f5c2af8_2.
36 “Transforming Singapore Through Technology,” Smart Nation Singapore, accessed October 2020, https://www.smartnation.gov.sg/why-Smart-Nation/transforming-singapore.
37 “Surge in Covid Cases Shows Up Singapore’s Blind Spots over Migrant Workers,” Stefania Palma, Financial Times, June 2020, https://www.ft.com/content/0fdb770a-a57a-11ea-92e2-cbd9b7e28ee6.
38 “Singapore’s ‘democratic dawn’? Parties Adapt to New Landscape,” Nikkei Asian Review, July 2020, https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Asia-Insight/Singapore-s-democratic-dawn-Parties-adapt-to-new-landscape.
39 Нетрудно понять некоторые из его недостатков: ВВП растет при активном добывании и потреблении нефти или угля, но падает, когда люди пересаживаются с автомобиля на велосипед или общественный транспорт (при условии, что автомобиль дороже). ВВП также растет, когда банки показывают финансовую прибыль, но остается на прежнем уровне, когда появляются цифровые инновации, облегчающие нашу жизнь.
40 “The Treasury’s Living Standards Framework,” New Zealand Government, December 2019, https://treasury.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2019-12/lsf-dashboard-update-dec19.pdf.
41 “New Zealand’s Ardern Wins 2nd Term in Election Landslide,” Associated Press, October 2020, https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-new-zealand-mosque-attacks-aucklandelections-new-zealand-b1ab788954f23f948d8b6c3258c02634.
42 “Uber and Lyft Drivers Guild Wins Historic Pay Rules,” Independent Drivers Guild, December 2018, https://drivingguild.org/uber-and-lyft-drivers-guild-wins-historic-pay-rules/.
43 I’m a New York City Uber Driver. The Pandemic Shows That My Industry Needs Fundamental Change or Drivers Will Never Recover,” Aziz Bah, Business Insider, July 2020, https://www.businessinsider.com/uber-lyft-drivers-covid-19-pandemic-virus-economyright-bargain-2020-7?r=US