Nielsen, K. M. The private parts of animals: Aristotle on the teleology of sexual difference // Phronesis 53 (2008): 373–405.
Nussbaum, M. C. Aristotle’s De motu animalium: text with translation, commentary, and interpretive essays. Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 1978.
Nussbaum, M. C. Saving Aristotle’s appearances / In: Schofield, M., and M. Nussbaum, eds. Language and Logos. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1982. Pp. 267–294.
Nussbaum, M. C., and A. Rorty Essays on Aristotle’s De anima. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1992.
Ogle, W. Aristotle on the Parts of Animals. London, K. Paul, French, 1882.
Onuki, A., and H. Somiya Two types of sounds and additional spinal nerve innervation to the sonic muscle / In: Dory, John Zeus faber (Zeiformes: Teleostei) // Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84 (2004): 843–850.
Oppenheimer, J. M. Historical introduction to the study of teleostean development // Osiris 2 (1936): 124–148.
Osborne, R. The history written on the classical Greek body. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Oser-Grote, C. Aristoteles und das Corpus Hippocraticum. Stuttgart, Franz Steiner Verlag, 2004.
Outram, D. Uncertain legislator: Georges Cuvier’s laws of nature in their intellectual context // Journal of the History of Biology 19 (1986): 323–368.
Owen, G. E. L. Tithenai ta phainomena / In: Nussbaum, M., ed. Logic, science and dialectic: collected papers in Greek philosophy. Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Press, 1961/1986.
Owen, R. Lectures on the comparative anatomy and physiology of the invertebrate animals, delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons, in 1843. London, Longman, Brown, 1843.
Owen, R. Lectures on the comparative anatomy and physiology of the invertebrate animals: delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons. London, Longman, Brown, Green & Longmans, 1855.
Owen, R. On the anatomy of vertebrates. London, Longmans, Green, 1866.
Owen, R. Derivative hypothesis of life and species. London, Longmans, Green, 1868.
Paley, W. Natural theology. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1809/2006.
Palsson, B. Ø. Systems biology: properties of reconstructed networks. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Pease, A. S. Fossil fishes again // Isis 33 (1942): 689–690.
Peck, A. L. The generation of animals. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1943.
Peck, A. L. Historia animalium: books I–III. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1965.
Peck, A. L. Historia animalium: books IV–VI. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1970.
Pellegrin, P. Aristotle’s classification of animals: biology and the conceptual unity of the Aristotelian corpus. Berkeley, CA, University of California Press, 1986.
Perfetti, S. Aristotle’s zoology and its Renaissance commentators, 1521–1601. Leuven, Leuven University Press, 2000.
Phillips, P. C. Epistasis – the essential role of gene interactions in the structure and evolution of genetic systems // Nature Reviews Genetics 9 (2008): 855–867.
Pimm, S. L. The balance of nature? Ecological issues in the conservation of species and communities. Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 1991.
Pinto-Correia, C. The ovary of Eve: egg and sperm and preformation. Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Platt, A. De generatione animalium / In: Smith, J. A., and W. D. Ross, eds. The works of Aristotle translated into English. Vol. 5. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1910.
Popper, K. R. The open society and its enemies. New York, NY, Harper Torchbooks, 1945/1962.
Preus, A. Science and philosophy in Aristotle’s biological works. New York, NY, G. Olms, 1975.
Proman, J. M., and J. D. Reynolds Differences in head shape of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla // Fisheries Management and Ecology 7 (2000): 349–354.
Pyle, A. J. Malebranche on animal generation: pre-existence and the microscope / In: Smith, J. E. H., ed. The problem of animal generation in early modern philosophy. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2006. Pp. 194–214.
Quarantotto, D. Causa finale, sostanza, essenza in Aristotele: saggio sulla struttura dei processi teleologici naturali e sulla funzione del telos. Naples, Bibliopolis, 2005.
Quarantotto, D. Aristotle on the soul as a principle of unity / In: FÖllinger, S., ed. Was ist “Leben”? Aristoteles’ Anschauungen zur Entstehung und Funktionsweise von Leben. Stuttgart, Franz Steiner Verlag, 2010. Pp. 35–53.
Rackham, H., et al. Pliny: Natural history. 10 vols. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1938–1962.
Radner, K. The winged snakes of Arabia and the fossil site of Makhtesh Ramon in the Negev / In: KÖhbach, M., ProchÁzka, S., Selz, G. J., and L. RÜdiger, eds. Festschrift für Hermann Hunger zum 65. Geburtstag. Vienna, Institut für Orientalistik, 2007. Pp. 353–365.
Rawlinson, G., et al. Herodotus: the histories. New York, NY, Everyman, 1858–1860/1997.
Rees, M. Just six numbers: the deep forces that shape the universe. London, HarperCollins, 1999.
Reiss, J. Retiring Darwin’s watchmaker. Berkeley, CA, University of California Press, 2009.
Ren, L., et al. The movements of limb segments and joints during locomotion in African and Asian elephants // Journal of Experimental Biology 211 (2008): 2735–2751.
Rodríguez PÉrez, D. Contextualizing symbols: “the eagle and the snake” in the ancient Greek world // Boreas: Münstersche Beiträge zur Archäologie 33 (2011): 1–18.
Roff, D. A. Life history evolution. Sunderland, MA, Sinauer Associates, 2002.
Roger, J. The life sciences in eighteenth-century French thought. Redwood City, CA, Stanford University Press, 1997.
Romm, J. S. Aristotle’s elephant and the myth of Alexander’s scientific patronage // American Journal of Philology 110 (1989): 566–575.
Rose, M. R. Evolutionary biology of aging. New York, NY, Oxford University Press, 1991.
Rosenblueth, A., et al. Behavior, purpose and teleology // Philosophy of Science 10 (1943): 8–24.
Ross, W. D. Metaphysica / In: Smith, J. A., and W. D. Ross, eds. The works of Aristotle translated into English. Vol. VIII. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1915.
Ross, W. D. Aristotle. London, Routledge, 1995.
Rudwick, M. J. S. Georges Cuvier, fossil bones, and geological catastrophes: new translations & interpretations of the primary texts. Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Ruestow, E. G. Leeuwenhoek and the campaign against spontaneous generation // Journal of the History of Biology 17 (1984): 225–248.
Ruse, M. Charles Darwin and group selection // Annals of Science 37 (1980): 615–630.
Ruse, M. Do organisms exist? // American Zoologist 29 (1989): 1061–1066.
Russell, E. S. Form and function: a contribution to the history of animal morphology. London, John Murray, 1916.
Ryle, G. The concept of mind. London, Hutchinson, 1949.
Sander, K. Hans Driesch’s “philosophy really ab ovo”, or, why to be a vitalist // Roux’s Archives of Developmental Biology 202 (1993a): 1–3.
Sander, K. Entelechy and the ontogenetic machine: work and views of Hans Driesch from 1895–1910 // Roux’s Archives of Developmental Biology 202 (1993b): 67–69.
Scalitas, R. Mixing the elements / In: Anagnostopoulos, G., ed. A companion to Aristotle. Oxford, Blackwell, 2009.
Scharfenberg, L. N. Die Cephalopoden des Aristoteles im Lichte der modernen Biologie. Trier, Wissenschaftlicher Verlag, 2001.
Schaus, G. P., and N. Spencer Notes on the Topography of Eresos // American Journal of Archaeology 98 (1994): 411–430.
Schmidtt, C. B. Aristotle as a cuttlefish: the origin and development of a Renaissance image // Studies in the Renaissance 12 (1965): 60–72.
Schnitzler, A. R. Past and present distribution of the North African – Asian lion subgroup: a review // Mammal Review 41 (2011): 220–243.
SchrÖdinger, E. What is life? Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1944/1967.
SchrÖdinger, E. Nature and the Greeks and science and humanism. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1954/1996.
Sedley, D. Creationism and its critics in antiquity. Berkeley, CA, University of California Press, 2007.
Sedley, D. N. Is Aristotle’s teleology anthropocentric? // Phronesis 36 (1991): 179–196.
Shapiro, M. D., et al. Genetic and developmental basis of evolutionary pelvic reduction in threespine sticklebacks // Nature 428 (2004): 717–723.
Sharples, R. W. Theophrastus of Eresus: sources for his life, writings, thought and influence: commentary. Vol. 5: Sources on biology (human physiology, living creatures, botany: texts 328–435). Leiden, E. J. Brill, 1995.
Shields, C. Substance and life in Aristotle // Apeiron 41 (2008): 129–151.
Simon, H. A. The sciences of the artificial. 3rd ed. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 1996.
Simpson, R. L. P. A philosophical commentary on the Politics of Aristotle. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press, 1998.
Sisson, S. The anatomy of the domestic animals. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders, 1914.
Smith, C. L. The patterns of sexuality and the classification of serranid fishes // American Museum Novitates 2207 (1965): 1–20.
Solmsen, F. Antecedents of Aristotle’s psychology and scale of beings // American Journal of Philology 76 (1955): 148–164.