Liu, K. Z., et al. Effects of astragalus and saponins of Panax notoginseng on MMP-9 in patients with type 2 diabetic macroangiopathyl. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 29, no. 3 (2004): 264–66.
Liu, Z. G., et al. Effect of astragalus injection on immune function in patients with congestive heart failure. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 23, no. 5 (2003): 351–53.
Lu, M.-C., et al. Effect of Astragalus membranaceus in rats on peripheral nerve regeneration: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Trauma 68, no. 2 (2010): 434–40.
Mao, S. P., et al. Modulatory effect of Astragalus membranaceus on Th1/Th2 cytokine in patients with herpes simplex keratitis. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 24, no. 2 (2004): 121–23.
Mao, X. F., et al. Effects of s-glucan obtained from the Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus and lipopolysaccharide challenge on performance, immunological, adrenal, and somatotropic responses of weaning pigs. J Anim Sci 83 (2005): 2775–82.
Matkowski, A., et al. Flavonoids and phenol carboxylic acids in Oriental medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus acclimated in Poland. Z Naturforsch C 58, no. 7–8 (2003): 602–4.
Peng, A., et al. Herbal treatment for renal diseases. Ann Acad Med Singapore 34 (2005): 44–51.
Schafer, P. Astragalus membranaceus. On the website of Chinese Medicinal Herb Farm. 2009. http://www.chinesemedicinalherbfarm.com/Astragalus%20membran3.pdf.
Shabbir, M. Z., et al. Immunomodulatory effect of polyimmune (Astragalus membranaceus) extract on humoral response of layer birds vaccinated against Newcastle disease virus. Int J Agri Biol 10 (2008): 585–87.
Shen, P., et al. Differential effects of isoflavones, from Astragalus membranaceus and Pueraria thomsonii, on the activation of PPARalpha, PPARgamma, and adipocyte differentiation in vitro. J Nutr 136 (2006): 899–905.
Sheng, B.-W., et al. Astragalus membranaceus reduces free radical-mediated injury to renal tubules in rabbits receiving high-energy shock waves. Chin Med J (English) 118, no. 1 (2005): 43–49.
Shi, F. S., et al. Effect of astragalus saponin on vascular endothelial cell and its function in burn patients. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 21, no. 10 (2001): 750–51.
Su, L., et al. Effect of intravenous drip infusion of cyclophosphamide with high-dose astragalus injection in treating lupus nephritis. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao 5, no. 3 (2007): 272–75.
Sun, H., et al. Effect on exercise endurance capacity and antioxidant properties of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides (APS). J Med Plant Res 4, no. 10 (2010): 982–86.
Taixiang, W., et al. Chinese medical herbs for chemotherapy side effects in colorectal cancer patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 25, no. 1 (2005): CD0004540.
Tin, M. Y. Study of the anticarcinogenic mechanisms of Astragalus Membranaceus in colon cancer cells and tumor xenograft. Master’s thesis, Hong Kong Baptist University, 2006. http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/~libimage/theses/abstracts/b20195643a.pdf.
Wang, F., et al. Effect of astragalus on cytokines in patients undergoing heart valve replacement. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 28, no. 6 (2008): 495–98.
Wang, H. F., et al. Effects of Astragalus membranaceus on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens. Acta Agric Scand 60, no. 3 (2010): 151–58.
Wang, M. S., et al. Clinical study on effect of astragalus injection and its immunoregulation action in treating chronic aplastic anemia. Chin J Integr Med 13, no. 2 (2007): 98–102.
Wojcikowski, K., et al. Effect of Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica sinensis combined with enalapril in rats with obstructive uropathy. Phytotherapy Research 24, no. 6 (2010): 875–84.
Wu, J., et al. Effect of astragalus injection on serious abdominal traumatic patients’ cellular immunity. Chin J Integr Med 12, no. 1 (2006): 29–31.
Wu, Y., et al. Inhibition of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides against liver cancer cell HepG2. African Journal of Microbiology Research 4, no. 20 (2010): 2181–83.
Xian-qing, M., et al. Hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharide enriched extract of Astragalus membranaceus in diet induced insulin resistant C57BL/6J mice and its potential mechanism. Phytomedicine 16, no. 5 (2009): 416–25.
Xiaoyan, Z., et al. Effect of superfine pulverization on properties of Astragalus membranaceus powder. Adv Powder Technol 203, no. 3 (2010): 620–25.
Yang, W. J., et al. Synergistic antioxidant activities of eight traditional Chinese herb pairs. Biol Pharm Bull 32, no. 6 (2009): 1021–26.
Yao-Haur, K., et al. Astragalus membranaceus flavonoids (AMF) ameliorate chronic fatigue syndrome induced by food intake restriction plus forced swimming. J Ethnopharmacol 122, no. 1 (2009): 28–34.
Yu, D. H., et al. Studies of chemical constituents and their antioxidant activities from Astragalus mongholicus Bunge. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 18 (2005): 297–301.
Zhang, J. G., et al. Clinical study on effect of astragalus injection on left ventricular remodeling and left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 22, no. 5 (2002): 346–48.
Zhang, J. G., et al. Effect of astragalus injection plasma levels of apoptosis-related factors in aged patients with chronic heart failure. Chin J Integr Med 11, no. 3 (2005): 187–90.
Zou, Y. H., et al. Effect of astragalus injection combined with chemotherapy on quality of life in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 23, no. 10 (2003): 733–35.
Zwickey, H., et al. The effect of Echinacea purpurea, Astragalus membranaceus and Glycyrrhiza glabra on CD25 expression in humans: a pilot study. Phytother Res 21, no. 11 (2007): 1109–12.
Abidi, P., et al. The medicinal plant goldenseal is a natural LDL-lowering agent with multiple bioactive components and new action mechanisms. J Lipid Res 47, no. 10 (2006): 2134–47.
Anonymous. Berberine monograph. Altern Med Rev 5, no. 2 (2000): 175–77.
Anonymous. Mahonia bealei (Fortune) Carriere. Entry in the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=MABE2 (accessed January 25, 2011).
Anonymous. Phellodendron. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phellodendron (accessed January 25, 2010).
Anonymous. Phellodendron amurense. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phellodendron_amurense (accessed January 25, 2010).
Anonymous. Tinospora cordifolia. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinospora_cordifolia (accessed January 25, 2011).
Anonymous. Weed of the week: Amur corktree. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Health Staff, Newtown Square, Penn., February 19, 2005. http://na.fs.fed.us/fhp/invasive_plants/weeds/amur-corktree.pdf.
Anonymous. Weed of the week: Japanese barberry. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Health Staff, Newtown Square, Penn., June 13, 2005. http://na.fs.fed.us/fhp/invasive_plants/weeds/japanese-barberry.pdf.
Arayne, M. S., et al. The berberis story: Berberis vulgaris in therapeutics, Pak J Pharm Sci 20, no. 1 (2007): 83–92.
Askri, H., et al. Effects of chloropromazine, berberine and verapamil on Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin-induced intestinal hypersecretion in rabbit ileal loops. J Med Microbiol 27 (1988): 99–103.
Ball, A. R., et al. Conjugated berberine to a multidrug resistance pump inhibitor creates an effective antimicrobial. ACS Chem Biol 1, no. 9 (2006): 594–600.
Borysiewicz, J., et al. Determining the invasive capabilities of the exotic tree Phellodendron amurense Rupr. in northeastern North America. Presentation at the Botany 2010 conference, July 31 through August 4, 2010, Providence, Rhode Island. http://2010.botanyconference.org/engine/search/index.php?func=detail&aid=236; http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C20tvFpBwUE.
Budzinski, J. W., et al. Modulation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in caco-2 cell monolayers by selected commercial-source milk thistle and goldenseal products. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 85, no. 9 (2007): 966–78.
Buhlmann, C., and G. Ross. Quantitation of the alkaloids berberine, palmatine and jatrorrhizine in Mahonia stem by capillary electrophoresis. Pub. no. 5990–3396EN. (Waldbronn, Germany: Agilent Technologies, March 1, 2009). http://chem.agilent.com/Library/applications/5990–3396EN.pdf.
Cao, X., et al. Why is it challenging to predict intestinal drug absorption and oral bioavailability in human using rat model. Pharm Res 23, no. 8 (2006): 1675–86.
Cernáková, M., et al. Antimicrobial activity of berberine – a constituent of Mahonia aquifolium. Folia Microbiol (Prague) 47, no. 4 (2002): 375–78.
Chen, C. M., et al. Determination of berberine in plasma, urine and bile by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl 665, no. 1 (1995): 117–23.
Chen, F., et al. Optimization of a novel mucoadhesive drug deliver system with ionexchange resin core loaded with berberine hydrochloride using central composite design methodology. Yao Xue Xue Bao 43, no. 9 (2008): 963–68.
Chen, M. L., et al. Chemical and biological differentiation of cortex phellodendri chinensis and cortex phellodendri amurensis. Planta Med 76, no. 14 (2010): 1530–35.