246 Lee, Taylor commented: Ibid., 25.
247 Taylor’s admiration for Lee: Ibid., 6.
247 Governor Letcher and the convention: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 1, 492.
249 “COLONEL: Under authority”: The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Series I, Vol. LI, Part 2 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1897), 92.
250 sound military advice: The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Series I, Vol. II (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880), 793–94.
252 Keeping a firm rein: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 1, 518.
252 The defense of Richmond: Ibid., 519.
252 From Richmond, Garnett’s job: Le Comte de Paris, History of the Civil War in America (Philadelphia: Porter and Coates, 1886), Vol. 1, 221.
253 In less than a month: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 1, 522.
254 “I should like to retire”: Robert E. Lee to Mary Lee, June 8, 1861, quoted in Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 1, 527.
255 Although Davis held Lee in “esteem”: Ibid., 516.
256 There has been conjecture: Ibid., 527.
257 “in a miserable condition”: The War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. II, 236.
257 Garnett had fewer than 5,000 men: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 1, 532–33.
257 He carried out a textbook attack: Ibid., 533.
258 McClellan’s victory: Ibid., 535.
258 The New York Herald: Carl Sandburg, Storm over the Land: A Profile of the Civil War Taken Mainly from Abraham Lincoln: The War Years (New York: Harcourt Brace, 1942), 62.
259 “My movements are very uncertain”: Robert E. Lee to Mary Lee, Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 36.
259 Eighteen days later: Ibid.
260 From Kinloch: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 89.
260 Lee sent a young man: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 36.
260 Her daughter Mildred: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 90.
260 Mary’s maid Selina: Scott and Webb, Who Is Markie? 134–35.
261 And true to form: Colonel Vincent J. Esposito, The West Point Atlas of the American Wars, 1689–1900 (New York: Praeger, 1959), Vol. 1, see text accompanying map 19.
263 “You are green”: Edwin C. Bearrs, Fields of Honor (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic, 2006), 35.
263 McDowell himself had never: Wikipedia, “Irvin McDowell,” 1.
263 Even the date of McDowell’s advance: Bearrs, Fields of Honor, 35.
264 Apart from that: Ibid.
264 McDowell’s first mistake: Confederate Military History: A Library of Confederate States History, Clement Anselm Evans, ed. (Atlanta, Ga.: Confederate Publishing, 1899), Vol. 3, 107.
265 Flowing from west: Barbara Tuchman, The Guns of August (New York: Library of America, 2012), 29.
266 Bee, impressed by Jackson’s: Sarah Nicholas Randolph, The Life of Stonewall Jackson (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1876), 86.
267 “We have whipped them”: Hunter McGuire, M.D., “An Address at the Dedication of Jackson Memorial Hall, Virginia Military Institute, July 9, 1897” (R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, 1897), 6.
267 “no preparations whatever”: David Detzer, Donnybrook: The Battle of Bull Run (Orlando, Fla.: Harcourt, 2004), 486.
267 Even Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton: Frank Abial Flower, Edwin McMasters Stanton: The Autocrat of Rebellion (Akron, Ohio: Saalfield, 1905), 109.
268 “pouring through this place”: John G. Nicolay and John Hay, “Abraham Lincoln: A History,” Century Illustrated Magazine (New York: Century, 1888), Vol. 36, 288.
269 All that was missing: George Francis Robert Henderson, Stonewall Jackson and the American Civil War (New York: Longmans, Green, 1900), Vol. 1, 154.
269 Mary Lee and her girls: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 91.
269 The next day, in the pouring rain: Ibid.
270 “The empty saddle”: Woodward, Mary Chesnut’s Civil War, 106–7.
270 He also broke the news: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 37.
270 The military situation: R. Lockwood Tower, ed., Lee’s Adjutant: The Wartime Letters of Colonel Walter Herron Taylor, 1862–1865 (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1995), 7.
271 Lee’s own position: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 1, 541.
272 He would write to Mary: Robert E. Lee to Mary Lee, August 4, 1861, Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 38–39.
272 Brigadier General Henry R. Jackson: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 1, 543–44.
272 “jaded and galled”: Ibid., 544.
275 “Our troops, I know”: Ibid., 556, n5.
276 “had lived with gentle people”: Ibid., 552.
278 The attack was set: Ibid., 565.
279 “the right branch of the Elkwater Fork”: Ibid., 568.
279 Curiously enough: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 46–47.
280 On September 19 Lee rode: Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 31.
281 The Richmond Examiner dismissed: James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 302.
281 “I am sorry, as you say”: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 51.
284 His original name was: “General Robert E. Lee’s War Horses: Traveller and Lucy Long,” Southern Historical Society Papers, Vol. 18, January-December 1890, 388–91.
284 The Broun brothers: Ibid.
284 Lee had several horses: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 54.
285 Even Jefferson Davis: Ibid., 53.
285 “the best man available”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 1, 607.
286 Lee quickly set about: Ibid., 615, 614.
286 “an unromantic routine”: Ibid., 614.
287 “Had some old English cathedral crypt”: Ibid., 612.
288 “achievement . . . unworthy of any”: Ibid., 618.
288 “As to our old home”: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 59.
289 Lee did not gloat: Robert E. Lee to Mary Lee, February 8, 1862, Ibid., 64.
289 “If circumstances will”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 1, 628.
CHAPTER 7 The Seven Days—“The Power of the Sword”
291 “The power of the sword”: Job 5:20.
291 There was a movement: Douglas Southall Freeman, Robert E. Lee: A Biography (New York: Scribner, 1934), Vol. 1, 2, 6.
291 “the conduct of military operations”: The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. V (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1881), 1099; National Intelligencer (Washington, D.C.), April 14, 1861.
293 The ostensible reason: Freeman, Robert E. Lee: A Biography, Vol. 1, 2, 3.
293 Of course what nobody: Stephen W. Sears, George B. McClellan: The Young Napoleon (New York: Ticknor and Fields, 1988), 108–9.
293 “cautious and weak”: Ibid., 180; George B. McClellan to Abraham Lincoln, April 20, 1862, Lincoln Papers, Library of Congress.
293 “There was no hesitation”: A. L. Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee (New York: J. M. Stoddard, 1886), 435.
294 “In audacity”: J. F. C. Fuller, Grant and Lee: A Study in Personality and Generalship (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1933), 267.
294 Lee himself found some consolation: Mary P. Coulling, The Lee Girls (Winston-Salem, N.C.: Blair, 1987), 98.
294 Even though White House was: Ibid., 101.
294 In two of the blank pages: Ibid., 99–101.
301 Although Confederate knowledge: Colonel Vincent J. Esposito, The West Point Atlas of the American Wars, 1689–1900 (New York: Praeger, 1959), Vol. 1, text accompanying map 39.
303 He understood at once: Peter Cozzens, Shenandoah 1862: Stonewall Jackson’s Valley Campaign (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2013), 23–25.
303 If one thinks of the Valley Pike: Ibid., 22.
304 “with the serenest faith”: C. Vann Woodward, ed., Mary Chesnut’s Civil War (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1981), 361.
305 “a constant supervision”: Walter H. Taylor, Four Years with General Lee (New York: Appleton, 1878), 38.
305 By April 9: Sears, George B. McClellan: The Young Napoleon, 172.
305 This was an unparalleled: Ibid., 168.
306 “No one but McClellan”: Ibid., 180.
306 He arrived there on April 13: Douglas Southall Freeman, Robert E. Lee: A Biography (New York: Scribner, 1934), Vol. 2, 21.
307 “War of posts”: Letter to John Hancock, September 8, 1776, Papers of George Washington, Revolutionary War Series, Dorothy Twohig, ed. (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1994), Vol. 6, 249.
308 “exhibited . . . a patient persistence”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 17.
308 He advised Magruder: Ibid., 19.
309 On April 21: James Robertson, Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend (New York: Macmillan, 1997), 364.
310 “I cannot pretend”: The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XII, Part 3, 866.
312 It was an extraordinary achievement: Shenandoah, 1862 (New York: Time-Life Books, 1997), 9.
313 He had warned Mary: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 101.
314 “the Confederate army had disappeared”: Le Comte de Paris, History of the Civil War in America (Philadelphia: Porter and Coates, 1886), Vol. 2, 12.
314 He had preserved his army: Freeman, Robert E. Lee: A Biography, Vol. 2, 46.
315 a complaint obviously directed: Ibid., 45.
315 Lee tactfully deflected: The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series 1, Vol. XI, Part III (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1884), 500.
316 “Northern soldiers who profess”: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 102.
316 Lee managed to send two aides: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 251–55.
317 “against General McClellan’s orders”: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 104–7.
319 Lee apparently answered: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 48.
320 “tears ran down his cheeks”: J. H. Reagan, Memoirs: With Special Reference to Secession and the Civil War (New York: Neale, 1906), 139.