London: Harper Collins, 1999.
14 Harris H. The Birth of the Cell. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2000.
Вступление. “Мы всегда будем возвращаться к клетке”
1 Virchow R. Disease, Life and Man: Selected Essays. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1958.
2 Подробности истории Сэма П. описаны в соответствии с моими личными наблюдениями и сообщениями его лечащего врача в 2016 году. Имена и некоторые детали изменены для сохранения анонимности.
3 Подробности случая Эмили Уайтхед изложены на основании моего личного общения с ней, ее родителями и ее врачами в 2019 году; взято из статьи Mukherjee S. The Promise and Price.
4 Leeuwenhoek A. Observations, Communicated to the Publisher by Mr. Antony van Leeuwenhoek, in a Dutch Letter of the 9th Octob. 1676. Concerning Little Animals by Him Observed in Rain-Well- Sea-and Snow Water; as Also in Water Wherein Pepper Had Lain Infused. Phil Trans R Soc 12, no. 133 (1677): 821-31.
5 CAR T-cell Therapy. National Cancer Institute Dictionary.
6 Tsokolov S. A. Why Is the Definition of Life So Elusive? Epistemological Considerations. Astrobiology 9, no. 4 (2009): 401-12.
7 Интервью с Акико Ивасаки, февраль 2020 года; см. также: SARS-C0V-2 Variant Classifications and Definitions. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). World Health Organization.
8 Там же; см. также: Simmons J. The Scientific 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Scientists, Past and Present. New York: Kensington, 2000; Silver G. A. Virchow, The Heroic Model in Medicine: Health Policy by Accolade. American Journal of Public Health 77, no. 1 (1987): 82-8.
9 Virchow R. Disease, Life and Man.
Часть первая. Открытие
1 Virchow R. Letters of 1842 // Letters to His Parents, 1839–1864.
USA: Science History Publications, 1990.
2 Weisenberg E. Rudolf Virchow, Pathologist, Anthropologist, and Social Thinker. Hektoen International 1, no. 2 (2009).
3 O’Malley C. D. Andreas Vesalius of Brussels 1314–1364. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1964; см. также: Schneider D.
The Invention of Surgery: A History of Modern Medicine – from the Renaissance to the Implant Revolution. New York: Pegasus Books, 2020.
4 Vesalius A. On the Fabric of the Human Body. San Francisco: Norman, 1998.
5 Vesalius A. The Illustrations from the Works of Andreas Vesalius of Brussels. New York: Dover, 2013.
6 Vesalius A. On the Fabric of the Human Body.
7 Copernicus N. On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres. New York: Prometheus Books, 1995.
8 Semmelweis I. The Etiology, Concept, and Prophylaxis of Childbed Fever. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.
9 Masic I. The Most Influential Scientists in the Development of Public Health (2): Rudolf Ludwig Virchow (1821–1902). Materia Socio-medica 31, no. 2 (2019): 151-2.
10 Virchow R. Der Briefwechsel mit den Eltern 1839–1864. Germany: Blackwell Wissenschafts, 2001.
11 Там же.
12 Там же (письмо от 4 июля 1844).
13 Sturzbecher М. Die Prosektur der Berliner Charite im Briefwechsel zwischen Robert Froriep und Rudolf Virchow. Beitrage zur Berliner Medizingeschichte. (Письмо Вирхова Фрорипу, 2 марта 1847.)
1 Mendel G. Experiments in Plant Hybridization. Genetics 204, no. 2 (2016): 407-22.
2 Vavilov N. The Origin, Variation, Immunity and Breeding of Cultivated Plants. Chronica Botanica 13, no. 1/6 (1951).
3 Darwin C. On the Origin of Species. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2008.
4 Lens Crafters Circa 1390: Invention of the Microscope. APS Physics 13, no. 3 (March 2004): 2.
5 Harreld D. J. The Dutch Economy in the Golden Age (16th – 17th Centuries). EH.Net Encyclopedia of Economic and Business History; см. также: Wilson C. Cloth Production and International Competition in the Seventeenth Century. Economic History Review 13, no. 2 (1960): 209-21.
6 Leeuwenhoek A. Observations, Communicated to the Publisher; cm. также'. Porter J. R. Antony van Leeuwenhoek: Tercentenary of His Discovery of Bacteria. Bacteriological Reviews 40, no. 2 (1976): 260-9.
7 Leeuwenhoek A. Observations, Communicated to the Publisher.
8 Там же.
9 Там же.
10 Karamanou М. et al. Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723): Father of Micromorphology and Discoverer of Spermatozoa. Revista Argentina de Microbiologia 42, no. 4 (2010): 311-4; см. также: Howards S. S. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and the Discovery of Sperm. Fertility and Sterility 67, no. 1 (1997): 16-7.
11 Yount L. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek: Genius Discoverer of Microscopic Life. Berkeley, CA: Enslow, 2015.
12 Lane N. The Unseen World: Reflections on Leeuwenhoek (1677) ‘Concerning Little Animals’. Phil Trans R Soc В 370, no. 1666 (2О15)
13 Shapin S. A Social History of Truth: Civility and Science in the Seventeenth Century. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011; см. также: Leeuwenhoek A. Antony van Leeuwenhoek and His Little Animals: Being Some Account of the Father of Protozoology & Bacteriology and His Multifarious Discoveries in These Disciplines. New York: Russell and Russell, 1958. (Письмо Роберта Гука Антони ван Левенгуку, 1 декабря 1677.)
14 Lane N. The Unseen World.
15 Gaither С. C., Cavazos-Gaither A. E., eds. Gaither’s Dictionary of Scientific Quotations. New York: Springer, 2008. (Левенгук в письме неизвестному лицу, 12 июня 1763.)
16 Chapman A. England’s Leonardo: Robert Hooke and the Seventeenth-Century Scientific Revolution. Bristol, UK: Institute of Physics, 2005.
17 Johnson B. The Great Fire of London. Historic UK, 2020.
18 Hooke R. Micrographia: Or Some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies Made by Magnifying Glasses with Observations and Inquiries Thereupon. London: Royal Society, 1665.
19 Pepys S. The Diary of Samuel Pepys. London: George Bell and Sons, 1893.
20 Kemp M. Hooke's Housefly. Nature 393 (1998): 745.
21 Hooke R. Micrographia.
22 Там же.
23 Там же.
24 Там же.
25 Birch Т., ed. The History of the Royal Society of London, for Improving the Knowledge, from its First Rise. London: A. Millar, 1757.
26 Антони ван Левенгук Роберту Гуку, 12 ноября 1680. Letter jj of Alle de brieven: 1679–1685. Vol. 3. De Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren (DBNL), 333.
27 Leeuwenhoek A. The Select Works of Antony van Leeuwenhoek, Containing His Microscopal Discoveries in Many of the Works of Nature. London: G. Sidney, 1800.
28 Harris H. The Birth of the Cell.
29 Там же.
30 Newton I. The Principia: Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. Oakland: University of California Press, 1999.
1 Hooke R. Micrographia.
2 Schwann Т. Microscopical Researches.
3 Dunn L. С. Л Short History of Genetics: The Development of Some of the Main Lines of Thought, 1864–1959. Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1991.
4 Hirst L. F. The Conquest of Plague: A Study of the Evolution of Epidemiology. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press, 1953.
5 Там же.
6 Bichat X. Traite Des Membranes en General et De Diverses Membranes en Particulier. Paris: Chez Richard, Caille et Ravier, 1816; см. также: Harris H. The Birth of the Cell.
7 Weiner D. B. Raspail: Scientist and Reformer. New York: Columbia University Press, 1968.
8 Fouquier P. E., Orfila M. J. B. Proces et defense de F. V. Raspail poursuivi le 19mai 1846, en exercice illegal de la medicine. Paris: Schneider et Langrand, 1846.
9 Weiner D.B. Raspail. Подробности см.: Weiner D. Frangois-Vin-cent Raspail: Doctor and Champion of the Poor. French Historical Studies 1, no. 2 (1959): 149-71.
10 Подробнее см.: Harris Н. The Birth of the Cell.
11 Coleridge S. T. The Eolian Harp // The Poetical Works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge. London: George Routledge and Sons, 1873.
12 Schleiden M. J. Contributions to Our Knowledge of Phytogenesis. Подробности также приводятся в книге: Andrault R. Nicolas Hartsoeker, Essai de dioptrique, 1694 // Andrault R. et al. eds. Medecine etphilosophic de la nature bumaine de Page classique aux Lumieres: Anthologie. Paris: Classiques Garnier, 2014.
13 Schleiden M. J. Beitrage zur Phytogenesis.
14 Schwann T. Microscopical Researches.
15 Там же.
16 Из интервью с Лаурой Оутис, ее родственниками и врачами, 2022.
17 Schwann Т. Microscopical Researches.
18 Harris Н. The Birth of the Cell.
19 Virchow R. Weisses Blut, 18431/ Virchow R., ed. Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Wissenschaftlichen Medicin. Frankfurt: Meidinger Sohn, 1856.
20 Bennett J. H. Case of Hypertrophy of the Spleen and Liver, Which Death Took Place from Suppuration of the Blood. Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal 64 (1845): 413-23.
21 Bennett J. H. On the Discovery of Leucocythemia. Monthly Journal of Medical Science 10, no. 58 (1854): 374-81.
22 Boyd B. A. Rudolf Virchow: The Scientist as Citizen. New York: Garland, 1991.
23 Virchow R. Er inner ungsblatter. Archiv f pathol Anat 4, no.
4 (1852): 541-8; см. также: Brown T. M., Fee E.