Примечания
1
Jacob Shell (2019).
2
Kings 3: 16–28; Agatha Christie (1933). Кристи А. Спиритический сеанс / Пер. С. Никоненко // Агата Кристи. Спиритический сеанс. — М.: Советская Россия, 1991. С. 329.
3
APA Guidelines for Psychological Practice with Boys and Men (American Psychological Association, 2018), p. 3; Pamela Paresky (2019).
4
Hegel, «The Family» in Philosophy of Right (1821), www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hegel/works/pr/prfamily.htm. Гегель. Философия права. Т. VII. С. 198. — М.: Соцэкгиз, 1934.
5
Mary Midgley in Gregory McElwain (2020), p. 108.
6
Charles Darwin to C. A. Kennard, January 9, 1882, Darwin Correspondence Project, darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/DCP-LETT-13607.xml.
7
Janet Shibley Hyde et al. (2008).
8
Об изучении бонобо Солли Цукерманом см. гл. 4.
9
Arnold Ludwig (2002), p. 9.
10
Patrik Lindenfors et al. (2007).
11
Packer quoted in Erin Biba (2019).
12
Frans de Waal (2019); Chapter 9.
13
Christophe Boesch et al. (2010); Chapter 11.
14
C. Shoard, Meryl Streep: «We hurt our boys by calling something 'toxic masculinity,'» Guardian, May 31, 2019.
15
Frans de Waal (1995).
16
David Attenborough narrates a night out in Banff, May 15, 2015, www.youtube.com/watch?v=HbxYvYxSSDA.
17
Judith Butler (1988), p. 522.
18
Vera Regitz-Zagrosek (2012); Larry Cahill, ed., An issue whose time has come: Sex/gender influences on nervous system function, Journal of Neuro-science Research, 95, nos. 1–2 (2017).
19
Robert Mayhew (2004), p. 56.
20
Jason Forman et al. (2019).
21
NIH Policy on Sex as a Biological Variable, n. d., https://orwh.od.nih.gov/sex-gender/nih-policy-sex-biological-variable; Rhonda Voskuhl and Sabra Klein (2019); Jean-François Lemaître et al. (2020).
22
Roy Baumeister et al. (2007).
23
Marilyn Matevia et al. (2002).
24
Roger Fouts (1997).
25
Judith Harris (1998), p. 219.
26
Gerianne Alexander and Melissa Hines (2002).
27
Janice Hassett et al. (2008).
28
Christina Williams and Kristen Pleil (2008).
29
Christina Hof Sommers (2012).
30
Patricia Turner and Judith Gervai (1995); Anders Nelson (2005).
31
Deborah Blum (1997), p. 145.
32
Sonya Kahlenberg and Richard Wrangham (2010). См. также интервью с Ричардом Рэнгменом в передаче Melissa Hogenboom and Pierangelo Pirak, The young chimpanzees that play with dolls, BBC, April 7, 2019, www.bbc.com/reel/playlist/a-fairer-world?vpid=p03rw3rw.
33
Tetsuro Matsuzawa (1997).
34
Carolyn Edwards (1993); Chapter 11.
35
Margaret Mead (2001, orig. 1949), pp. 97, 145–48.
36
Shalom Schwartz and Tammy Rubel (2005).
37
Margaret Mead (2001, orig. 1949), p. xxxi.
38
Jennifer Connellan et al. (2000); Svetlana Lutchmaya and Simon Baron-Cohen (2002).
39
Brenda Todd et al. (2018).
40
Vasanti Jadva et al. (2010); Jeanne Maglaty (2011).
41
Anthony Pellegrini (1989); Robert Fagen (1993); Pellegrini and Peter Smith (1998).
42
Jennifer Sauver et al. (2004).
43
Janet DiPietro (1981); Peter Lafreniere (2011).
44
Stewart Trost et al. (2002).
45
Maïté Verloigne et al. (2012).
46
Pedro Hallal et al. (2012).
47
Anthony Pellegrini (2010).
48
Eleanor Maccoby (1998).
49
Carol Martin and Richard Fabes (2001), p. 443.
50
U. S. Government Accountability Office, GAO-18–258, March 2018.
51
Marek Spinka et al. (2001).
52
Dieter Leyk et al. (2007).
53
Kevin MacDonald and Ross Parke (1986); Michael Lamb and David Oppenheim (1989), p. 13.
54
Toledo Blade, November 13, 1987; Anthony Volk (2009).
55
Rebecca Herman et al. (2003).
56
Lynn Fairbanks (1990).
57
Elizabeth Warren, April 25, 2019, twitter.com/ewarren.
58
Cathy Hayes (1951); Robert Mitchell (2002).
59
John Money et al. (1955).
60
The sexes: biological imperatives, Time, January 8, 1973, p. 34.
61
Milton Diamond and Keith Sigmundson (1997); John Colapinto (2000).
62
Heino Meyer-Bahlburg (2005).
63
Siegbert Merkle (1989); David Haig (2004); Robert Martin (2019); Caroline Barton, How to identify a puppy's gender, TheNest.com, n. d., pets.thenest.com/identify-puppys-gender-5254.html.
64
Gender and health, World Health Organization, www.who.int/health-topics/gender.
65
Elizabeth Wilson (1998).
66
Alice O'Toole et al. (1996) and (1998); Alessandro Cellerino et al. (2004).
67
Clayton Robarchek (1997); Douglas Fry (2006).
68
Nicky Staes et al. (2017).
69
Elizabeth Reynolds Losin et al. (2012).
70
Ronald Slaby and Karin Frey (1975), p. 854.
71
Carolyn Edwards (1993), p. 327.
72
William McGrew (1992); Elizabeth Lonsdorf et al. (2004); Stephanie Musgrave et al. (2020).
73
Beatrice Ehmann et al. (2021).
74
Suzan Perry (2009).
75
Frans de Waal (2001); Frans de Waal and Kristin Bonnie (2009).
76
Axelle Bono et al. (2018).
77
Aaron Sandel et al. (2020).
78
Ashley Montagu (1962) and (1973); Nadine Weidman (2019).
79
Melvin Konner (2015), p. 206.
80
Richard Lerner (1978).
81
Hans Kummer (1971), pp. 11–12.
82
Frans de Waal (1999); Carl Zimmer (2018).
83
Ronald Nadler et al. (1985).
84
Robert Martin (2019).
85
Anne Fausto-Sterling (1993).
86
Expert Q&A: Gender dysphoria, American Psychiatric Association, n. d., www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/gender-dysphoria/expert-q-and-a.
87
Rachel Alsop, Annette Fitzsimons, and Kathleen Lennon (2002), p. 86.
88
Andrew Flores et al. (2016).
89
Jan Morris (1974), p. 3.
90
Devon Price (2018).
91
Selin Gülgöz et al. (2019).
92
Selin Gülgöz et al. (2019), p. 24484.
93
Jiang-Ning Zhou et al. (1995); Alicia Garcia-Falgueras and Dick Swaab (2008); Swaab (2010); Between the (gender) lines: the science of transgender identity, Science in the News, October 25, 2016, sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2016/gender-lines-science-transgender-identity.
94
Ai-Min Bao and Dick Swaab (2011); Melissa Hines (2011).
95
Joan Roughgarden (2017), p. 502.
96
José Carreras, interview (2016), smarttalks.co/jose-carreras-pavarotti-was-a-good-friend-and-a-great-poker-player.
97
Tara Westover (2018), p. 43.
98
Martin Petr et al. (2019).
99
Nora Bouazzouni (2017).
100
Bonnie Spear (2002).
101
Nikolaus Troje (2002); video of human locomotion at Bio Motion Lab, n. d., www.biomotionlab.ca/Demos/BMLwalker.html.
102
Jeffrey Black (1996).
103
Ashley Montagu (1962); Melvin Konner (2015), p. 8.
104
Frans de Waal (2019).
105
Martha Nussbaum (2001).
106
Lisa Feldman Barrett et al. (1998); David Schmitt (2015); Terri Simpkin (2020).
107
Saba Safdar et al. (2009); Jessica Salerno and Liana Peter-Hagene (2015).
108
George Bernard Shaw (1894); Antonio Damasio (1999); Daniel Kahneman (2013).
109
Simone de Beauvoir (1973), p. 301; Judith Butler (1986); Elaine Stavro (1999).
110
Adolescent pregnancy and its outcomes across countries (fact sheet), Guttmacher Institute, August 2015, www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/adolescent-pregnancy-and-its-outcomes-across-countries.
111
О сексуальном воспитании в Нидерландах см.: Saskia de Melker, The case for starting sex education in kindergarten, PBS, May 27, 2015, www.pbs.org/newshour/health/spring-fever.
112
Belle Derks et al. (2018); World Bank open data, data.worldbank.org
113
Nathan McAlone (2015).
114
A Disney dress code chafes in the land of haute couture, New York Times, December 25, 1991.
115
Dutchman Ruud Lubbers in 2004; Frenchman Dominique Strauss-Kahn in 2011.
116
Public opinions about breastfeeding, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, December 28, 2019, www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/data/healthstyles_survey.
117
Tanya Smith et al. (2017).
118
James Flanagan (1989), p. 261.
119
Frans de Waal (1982); John Carlin (1995).
120
Dominic Mann (2017).
121
Frans de Waal, The surprising science of alpha males, TEDMED 2017, ted.com/talks/frans_de_waal_the_surprising_science_of_alpha_males.
122
Frans de Waal et al. (2008); Jorg Massen et al. (2010); Victoria Horner et al. (2011).
123
John Gray (1992).
124
Frans de Waal (1989); Ben Christopher (2016).
125
Solly Zuckerman (1932), p. 303.
126
Kenneth Oakley (1950).
127
Jan van Hooff (2019), p. 77.
128
Lord Zuckerman (1991).
129
Richard Dawkins (1976), p. 3. https://baguzin.ru/wp/richard-dokinz-egoistichnyj-gen/
130
Frans de Waal (2013).
131
Mary Midgley (1995) and (2010); Gregory McElwain (2020).
132
Frans de Waal (2006).
133
Inbal Ben-Ami Bartal et al. (2011).
134
Melanie Killen and Elliot Turiel (1991); Cary Roseth (2018).
135
Rutger Bregman (2019).
136
Toni Morrisson (2019).
137
Henry Nicholls (2014).
138
Hans Kummer (1995), p. xviii.
139
Hans Kummer (1995), p. 193; Christian Bachmann and Hans Kummer (1980).
140
Jared Diamond (1992).
141
K. R. L. Hall and Irven DeVore (1965).
142
Thelma Rowell (1974), p. 44.
143
Curt Busse (1980).
144
Vinciane Despret (2009).
145
Barbara Smuts (1985).
146
Robert Seyfarth and Dorothy Cheney (2012); Lydia Denworth (2019).
147
Nga Nguyen et al. (2009).
148
Donna Haraway (1989), pp. 150, 154.
149
Matt Cartmill (1991).
150
Jeanne Altmann (1974).
151
Alison Jolly (1999), p. 146.
152
Linda Marie Fedigan (1994).
153
Shirley Strum (2012).
154
Lola ya Bonobo website: www.bonobos.org.
155
Nahoko Tokuyama et al. (2019).
156
Claudine André (2006), pp.167–74.
157
О правилах Мими см.: L'ange des bonobos, August 13, 2019, youtube.com/watch?v=VedUkzx7YOk.
158
Eva Maria Luef et al. (2016).
159
Robert Yerkes (1925), p. 244.
160
Adrienne Zihlman et al. (1978).
161
Jacques Vauclair and Kim Bard (1983).
162
Stephen Jay Gould (1977); Robert Bednarik (2011).
163
Frans de Waal (1989).
164
Elisabetta Palagi and Elisa Demuru (2017).
165
Sven Grawunder et al. (2018).
166
Eduard Tratz and Heinz Heck (1954), p. 99 (перевод с нем).
167
Kay Prüfer et al. (2012).
168
Nick Patterson et al. (2006); см.: Masato Yamamichi et al. (2012).
169
Harold Coolidge (1933), p. 56; Rui Diogo et al. (2017).
170
Takayoshi Kano (1992); Frans de Waal (1987).
171
Zanna Clay and Frans de Waal (2013).
172
Robert Ardrey (1961).
173
Matt Cartmill (1993).
174
Gen'ichi Idani (1990); Takayoshi Kano (1992).
175
Steven Pinker (2011), p. 39; Richard Wrangham (2019), p. 98.
176
Adam Rutherford (2018), p. 105; Craig Stanford (1998).
177
Frans de Waal (1997), with Frans Lanting's photography.
178
Amy Parish (1993).
179
Takayoshi Kano (1998), p. 410.
180
Takeshi Furuichi (2019).
181
Martin Surbeck and Gottfried Hohmann (2013).
182
Takeshi Furuichi et al. (2014).
183
Frans de Waal (2016).
184
Natalie Angier (1997).
185
Martin Surbeck et al. (2017).
186
Gottfried Hohmann and Barbara Fruth (2011); Nahoko Tokuyama and Takeshi Furuichi (2017); Tokuyama et al. (2019).
187
Takeshi Furuichi (2019), p. 62.
188
Benjamin Beck (2019).
189
Sydney Richards, Primate heroes: PASA's amazing women leaders, Pan African Sanctuary Alliance, n. d., pasa.org/awareness/primate-heroes-pasas-amazing-women-leaders.
190
Desmond Morris (1967), p. 5.
191
Detlev Ploog and Paul MacLean (1963).
192
Wolfgang Wickler (1969); Desmond Morris (1977).
193
Tanya Vacharkulksemsuka et al. (2016).
194
For more about female choice, see Chapter 7.
195
Edgar Berman (1982).
196
Richard Harlan (1827); Anna Maerker (2005).
197
Emmanuele Jannini et al. (2014); Rachel Pauls (2015); Nicole Prause et al. (2016).
198
Thomas Laqueur (1990), p. 236.
199
Natalie Angier (2000).
200
Elisabeth Lloyd (2005); The ideas interview: Elisabeth Lloyd, Guardian, September 26, 2005, www.theguardian.com/science/2005/sep/26/genderissues.technology.
201
Steven Jay Gould (1993).
202
Helen O'Connell et al. (2005); Vincenzo Puppo (2013).
203
Dara Orbach and Patricia Brennan (2021).
204
David Goldfoot et al. (1980).
205
Sue Savage-Rumbaugh and Beverly Wilkerson (1978); Frans de Waal (1987).
206
Anne Pusey (1980); Elisa Demuru et al. (2020).
207
Frans de Waal and Jennifer Pokorny (2008).
208
Willemijn van Woerkom and Mariska Kret (2015); Mariska Kret and Masaki Tomonaga (2016).
209
Richard Prum (2017).
210
Elizabeth Cashdan (1998); Rebecca Nash et al. (2006).
211
Karl Grammer et al. (2005); Martie Haselton et al. (2007).
212
Wolfgang Köhler (1925), p. 84. Кёлер В. Исследование интеллекта человекоподобных обезьян / Пер. с нем. Л. В. Занкова и И. М. Соловьева; под ред. и со вступ. ст. Л. С. Выготского. — М.: Изд-во коммунистической академии, 1930. С. 74.
213
Robert Yerkes (1925), p. 67.
214
Edwin van Leeuwen et al. (2014).
215
Warren Roberts and Mark Krause (2002).
216
My translation of Jürgen Lethmate and Gerti Dücker (1973), p. 254.
217
Vernon Reynolds (1967).
218
William McGrew and Linda Marchant (1998).
219
Robert Yerkes (1941).
220
Ruth Herschberger (1948), p. 10.
221
Jane Goodall (1986), p. 483.
222
Kimberly Hockings et al. (2007).
223
Vicky Bruce and Andrew Young (1998); Alessandro Cellerino et al. (2004); Richard Russell (2009).
224
Abraham Maslow (1936); Dallas Cullen (1997).
225
Frans de Waal and Lesleigh Luttrell (1985).
226
Martin Curie-Cohen et al. (1983); Bonnie Stern and David Glenn Smith (1984); John Berard et al. (1994); Susan Alberts et al. (2006).
227
Simon Townsend et al. (2008).
228
St. George Mivart (1871), in Richard Prum (2015). Прам Р. Эволюция красоты. Как дарвиновская теория полового отбора объясняет животный мир — и нас самих. — М.: Манн, Иванов и Фербер, 2020.
229
Claude Lévi-Strauss (1949).
230
Olin Bray et al. (1975).
231
Tim Birkhead and John Biggins (1987); Bridget Stutchbury et al. (1997); David Westneat and Ian Stewart (2003); Kathi Borgmann (2019).
232
Nicholas Davies (1992); Steve Connor (1995).
233
Steven Verseput, New Kim, de duif die voor 1,6 miljoen euro naar China ging, NRC, November 20, 2020 (Dutch).
234
Patricia Gowaty (1997).
235
В биологии сиюминутные мотивы называются «непосредственными» побудительными причинами поведения, а эволюционные мотивы — «окончательными»; Ernst Mayr (1982).
236
Результаты Грегора Менделя, впервые опубликованные в 1865 г., были заново открыты в 1900 г.
237
Malcolm Potts and Roger Short (1999), p. 319.
238
Heather Rupp and Kim Wallen (2008); Ruben Arslan et al. (2018).
239
Caroline Tutin (1979); Kees Nieuwenhuijsen (1985).
240
Janet Hyde and John DeLamater (1997).
241
Roy Baumeister et al. (2001).
242
Sheila Murphy (1992); Roy Baumeister (2010).
243
Tom Smith (1991); Michael Wiederman (1997).
244
Michele Alexander and Terri Fisher (2003).
245
Angus Bateman (1948); Robert Trivers (1972).
246
E. O. Wilson (1978), p. 125. Уилсон Э. О. О природе человека / Пер. с англ. Т. О. Новикова. — М.: Кучково поле, 2015.
247
Patricia Gowaty et al. (2012); Thierry Hoquet et al. (2020).
248
Monica Carosi and Elisabetta Visalberghi (2002).
249
Susan Perry (2008), p. 166.
250
Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (1977).
251
Yukimaru Sugiyama (1967).
252
Frans de Waal (1982); Jane Goodall (1986).
253
Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (2000).
254
Carson Murray et al. (2007).
255
Takayoshi Kano (1992), p. 208.
256
Frans de Waal (1997); Amy Parish and Frans de Waal (2000).
257
Martin Daly and Margo Wilson (1988).
258
Stephen Beckerman et al. (1998).
259
Meredith Small (1989); Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (1999), p. 251.
260
Aimee Ortiz (2020).
261
Patricia Tjaden and Nancy Thoennes (2000).
262
David Watts et al. (2006).
263
Toshisada Nishida (1996) and (2012).
264
Jane Goodall (1979); Richard Wrangham and Dale Peterson (1996); Warren Manger, Jane Goodall: I thought chimps were like us only nicer, but we inherited our dark evil side from them, Mirror (UK), March 12, 2018, www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/jane-goodall-chimpanzees-evil-apes-12170154.
265
Michael Wilson et al. (2014).
266
Global data for 2012 in «Homicide and Gender,» 2015 report by UN Office on Drugs and Crime, https://heuni.fi/documents/47074104/49490570/Homicide_and_Gender.pdf.
267
Pink Floyd's 1987 album, A Momentary Lapse of Reason.
268
Joshua Goldstein (2001); Adam Jones (2002).
269
Oriel FeldmanHall et al. (2016).
270
Hannah Arendt (1984); Daniel Goldhagen (1996); Jonathan Harrison (2011); Nestar Russell (2019).
271
Elizabeth Brainerd (2016).
272
Barbara Smuts (2001), p. 298.
273
Eugene Linden (2002).
274
Martin Muller et al. (2009) and (2011); Joseph Feldblum et al. (2014).
275
Rape addendum, FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting (2013), https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/2013/crime-in-the-u.s.-2013/rape-addendum/rape_addendum_final.
276
Jane Goodall (1986).
277
Shiho Fujita and Eiji Inoue (2015), p. 487.
278
Julie Constable et al. (2001).
279
John Mitani and Toshisada Nishida (1993).
280
Christophe Boesch (2009).
281
Christophe Boesch and Hedwige Boesch-Achermann (2000); Rebecca Stumpf and Christophe Boesch (2010).
282
Patricia Tjaden and Nancy Thoennes (2000).
283
Brad Boserup et al. (2020).
284
Biruté Galdikas (1995).
285
Carel van Schaik (2004), p. 76.
286
Cheryl Knott and Sonya Kahlenberg (2007).
287
Jack Weatherford (2004), p. 111. Уэзерфорд Дж. Чингисхан и рождение современного мира / Пер. с англ. Е. Лихтенштейна. — М.: АСТ; Владимир: ВКТ, 2008. С. 223.
288
Heidi Stöckl et al. (2013).
289
Preventing sexual violence, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n. d., www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/sexualviolence/fastfact.html.
290
Susan Brownmiller (1975), p. 14.
291
Randy Thornhill and Craig Palmer (2000).
292
Patricia Tjaden and Nancy Thoennes (2000).
293
Cheryl Brown Travis (2003); Joan Roughgarden (2004).
294
Frans de Waal (2000).
295
Eric Smith et al. (2001).
296
Gert Stulp et al. (2013); George Yancey and Michael Emerson (2016).
297
Aaron Sell et al. (2017).
298
Gayle Brewer and Sharon Howarth (2012); Robert Deaner et al. (2015).
299
Siobhan Heanue, Indian women form a gang and roam their village, punishing men for their bad behaviour, ABC News, August 3, 2019, www.abc.net.au/news/2019–08–04/indian-women-get-together-to-punish-men-who-wrong-them/11369326.
300
Barbara Smuts (1992); Barbara Smuts and Robert Smuts (1993).
301
Marianne Schnall, Interview with Gloria Steinem on equality, her new memoir, and more, Feminist.com, c. 2016, www.feminist.com/resources/artspeech/interviews/gloriasteineminterview.
302
Rudolf Schenkel (1947).
303
Elspeth Reeve (2013).
304
О Солли Цукермане см. гл. 4; Robert Ardrey (1961), p. 144.
305
Quincy Wright (1965), p. 100.
306
Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis (2003); Michael Morgan and David Carrier (2013).
307
Napoleon Chagnon (1968); Richard Wrangham and Dale Peterson (1996).
308
Doug Fry (2013).
309
Mark Foster et al. (2009).
310
О макаках-резусах Спиклзе и Апельсинке см. гл. 7.
311
Kinji Imanishi (1960), quoted in Linda Fedigan (1982), p. 91.
312
Christina Cloutier Barbour, неопубликованные данные.
313
Steffen Foerster et al. (2016).
314
Frans de Waal (1986).
315
Toshisada Nishida and Kazuhiko Hosaka (1996).
316
Joseph Henrich and Francisco Gil-White (2001).
317
Victoria Horner et al. (2010).
318
Sean Wayne (2021).
319
Jane Goodall (1990).
320
Teresa Romero et al. (2010).
321
Robert Sapolsky (1994).
322
David Watts et al. (2000).
323
Christopher Boehm (1999), p. 27.
324
Frans de Waal (1984); Christopher Boehm (1994); Claudia von Rohr et al. (2012).
325
Jessica Flack et al. (2005).
326
Rob Slotow et al. (2000); Caitlin O'Connell (2015).
327
Aaron Sandel et al. (2020).
328
Nancy Vaden-Kierman et al. (1995); Stephen Demuth and Susan Brown (2004); Sarah Hill et al. (2016); The proof is in: Father absence harms children, National Fatherhood Initiative, n. d., www.fatherhood.org/father-absence-statistic.
329
Martha Kirkpatrick (1987).
330
Terry Maple (1980); S. Utami Atmoko (2000); Anne Maggioncalda et al. (2002); Carel van Schaik (2004).
331
Sarah Romans et al. (2003); Bruce Ellis et al. (2003); Anthony Bogaert (2005); James Chisholm et al. (2005); Julianna Deardorff et al. (2010).
332
Christophe Boesch (2009).
333
Takeshi Furuichi (1997).
334
Martin Surbeck et al. (2019); Ed Yong (2019).
335
Leslie Peirce (1993).
336
Stewart McCann (2001); Nancy Blaker et al. (2013).
337
Nicholas Kristof, What the pandemic reveals about the male ego, New York Times, June 13, 2020.
338
Viktor Reinhardt et al. (1986).
339
Marianne Schmid Mast (2002) and (2004).
340
Christopher Boehm (1993) and (1999); Harold Leavitt (2003).
341
Barbara Smuts (1987); Rebecca Lewis (2018).
342
Alessandro Cellerino et al. (2004).
343
Cal State Northridge professor charged with peeing on colleague's door, Associated Press, January 27, 2011, https://www.scpr.org/news/2011/01/27/23415/cal-state-northridge-professor-charged-peeing-coll/.
344
Elizabeth Cashdan (1998).
345
Idan Frumin et al. (2015).
346
Shelley Taylor (2002); Lydia Denworth (2020), p.157.
347
Amanda Rose and Karen Rudolph (2006).
348
Jeffrey Hall (2011); Lydia Denworth (2020).
349
Marilyn French (1985), p. 271.
350
Phyllis Chesler (2002).
351
Matthew Gutmann (1997), p. 385; Samuel Bowles (2009).
352
Lionel Tiger (1969), p. 259.
353
Daniel Balliet et al. (2011).
354
Steve Martin and Martin Short: An Evening You Will Forget for the Rest of Your Life (Netflix, 2018).
355
Gregory Silber (1986); Caitlin O'Connell (2015).
356
Peter Marshall et al. (2020).
357
Joshua Goldstein (2001); Dieter Leyk et al. (2007).
358
Alexandra Rosati et al. (2020).
359
Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (1981), p. 129.
360
Anne Campbell (2004).
361
Kirsti Lagerspetz et al. (1988).
362
Rachel Simmons (2002); Emily White (2002); Rosalind Wiseman (2016).
363
Этвуд М. Кошачий глаз / Пер. с англ. Т. Боровиковой. — М.: Эксмо, 2021.
364
Kai Björkqvist et al. (1992).
365
Janet Lever (1976); Zick Rubin (1980); Joyce Benenson and Athena Christakos (2003).
366
Joyce Benenson and Richard Wrangham (2016); Joyce Benenson et al. (2018).
367
Frans de Waal and Angeline van Roosmalen (1979).
368
Filippo Aureli and Frans de Waal (2000); Frans de Waal (2000); Kate Arnold and Andrew Whiten (2001); Roman Wittig and Christophe Boesch (2005).
369
Frans de Waal (1993); Sonja Koski et al. (2007).
370
Orlaith Fraser and Filippo Aureli (2008).
371
Filippo Aureli and Frans de Waal (2000).
372
Elisabetta Palagi et al. (2004); Zanna Clay and Frans de Waal (2015).
373
Susan Nolen-Hoeksema et al. (2008).
374
Neil Brewer et al. (2002); Julia Bear et al. (2014).
375
Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (2009).
376
Sandra Boodman (2013).
377
Laura Jones et al. (2018).
378
Ingo Titze and Daniel Martin (1998).
379
Monica Hesse (2019); David Moye (2019).
380
Charlotte Riley (2019).
381
Deirdre McCloskey (1999); Tara Bahrampour (2018); Charlotte Alter (2020).
382
Thomas Page McBee (2016).
383
Sarah Collins (2000); David Andrew Puts et al. (2007); Casey Klofstad et al. (2012).
384
Alecia Carter et al. (2018).
385
Patricia Churchland (2019), p. 22.
386
Trevor Case et al. (2006); Johan Lundström et al. (2013).
387
Inna Schneiderman et al. (2012); Sara Algoe et al. (2017).
388
Christopher Krupenye et al. (2016).
389
Frans de Waal (1996a); Shinya Yamamoto et al. (2009).
390
Stephanie Musgrave et al. (2016).
391
Christophe Boesch and Hedwige Boesch-Achermann (2000); Frans de Waal (2009).
392
Frans de Waal (2008).
393
James Burkett et al. (2016); Frans de Waal and Stephanie Preston (2017).
394
Frans de Waal (1996b).
395
William Hopkins (2004); Brenda Todd and Robin Banerjee (2018); Gillian Forrester et al. (2019).
396
William Hopkins and Mieke de Lathouwers (2006).
397
Anthony Volk (2009).
398
Judith Blakemore (1990) and (1998); Dario Maestripieri and Suzanne Pelka (2002).
399
Lev Vygotsky (1935), цит. из Anna Chernaya (2014), p. 186. Выготский Л. С. Умственное развитие детей: Сб. ст. — М.; Л.: Гос. уч. — пед. изд-во, 1935. С. 78.
400
Гл. 1 в Sonya Kahlenberg and Richard Wrangham (2010).
401
Melvin Konner (1976); Carolyn Edwards (1993), p. 331, and (2005).
402
Jane Lancaster (1971), p. 170.
403
Lynn Fairbanks (1990) and (1993); Joan Silk (1999); Rebecca Hermann et al. (2003); Ulia B˘adescu et al. (2015).
404
Herman Dienske et al. (1980).
405
Alison Flemming et al. (2002); Ioana Carcea et al. (2020).
406
Charles Darwin, Notebook D (1838), https://tinyurl.com/2xbmfjsd, p. 154; Joseph Lonstein and Geert de Vries (2000).
407
Charles Snowdon and Toni Ziegler (2007).
408
Susan Lappan (2008).
409
Kimberley Hockings et al. (2006).
410
Jill Pruetz (2011).
411
Christophe Boesch et al. (2010).
412
Rachna Reddy and John Mitani (2019).
413
Gen'ichi Idani (1993).
414
О частичном отцовстве см. гл. 7.
415
Bhismadev Chakrabarti and Simon Baron-Cohen (2006), p. 408; Linda Rueckert et al. (2011); Frans de Waal and Stephanie Preston (2017).
416
Carolyn Zahn-Waxler et al. (1992).
417
Marie Lindegaard et al. (2017).
418
Martin Schulte-Rüther et al. (2008); Birgit Derntl et al. (2010).
419
Shir Atzil et al. (2012); Ruth Feldman et al. (2019).
420
Sarah Schoppe-Sullivan et al. (2021).
421
Carol Clark, Five surprising facts about fathers, Emory University, http://news.emory.edu/features/2019/06/five-facts-fathers.
422
James Rilling and Jennifer Mascaro (2017).
423
Margaret Mead (1949), p. 145.
424
Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (2009), p. 109.
425
Frans de Waal (2013), p. 139; Elisa Demuru et al. (2018).
426
Lynn Fairbanks (2000).
427
Darren Croft et al. (2017).
428
Kristen Hawkes and James Coxworth (2013); Simon Chapman et al. (2019).
429
Charles Weisbard and Robert Goy (1976).
430
Zoë Goldsborough et al. (2020).
431
Christophe Boesch (2009), p. 48.
432
Maggie Hiufu Wong, Incest and affairs of Japan's scandalous penguins, CNN, December 5, 2019, www.cnn.com/travel/article/aquarium-penguins-japan.
433
Douglas Russell et al. (2012).
434
Pinguin-Damen sollen schwule Artgenossen bezirzen, Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger, August 1, 2005 (на нем. яз.).
435
APA Dictionary of Psychology, 2nd ed. (Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2015).
436
Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U. S. 558, 2003; Dick Swaab (2010).
437
Jonathan Miller, New love breaks up a 6-year relationship at the zoo, New York Times, September 24, 2005.
438
Gwénaëlle Pincemy et al. (2010), p. 1211.
439
Quinn Gawronski, Gay penguins at London aquarium are raising «genderless» chick, September 10, 2019, https://tinyurl.com/car3ce8x.
440
Paul Vasey (1995).
441
Jean-Baptiste Leca et al. (2014).
442
Jake Brooker et al. (2021).
443
Frank Beach (1949).
444
Clellan Ford and Frank Beach (1951); Neel Burton (2015).
445
Bruce Bagemihl (1999); Alan Dixon (2010).
446
Linda Wolfe (1979); Gail Vines (1999).
447
Bruce Bagemihl (1999), p. 117.
448
Frans de Waal (1987) (1997).
449
Takayoshi Kano (1992).
450
Liza Moscovice et al. (2019); Elisabetta Palagi et al. (2020).
451
Zanna Clay and Frans de Waal (2015).
452
Dick Swaab and Michel Hofman (1990); Dick Swaab (2010).
453
E. O. Wilson (1978), p. 167.
454
Simon LeVay (1991); Janet Halley (1994); Elizabeth Wilson (2000).
455
William Byne et al. (2001).
456
Ivanka Savic and Per Lindström (2008); Andy Coghlan (2008).
457
Ivanka Savic et al. (2005); Wen Zhou et al. (2014).
458
Bruce Bagemihl (1999); Charles Roselli et al. (2004).
459
Niklas Långström et al. (2010); Andrea Ganna et al. (2019).
460
Ritch Savin-Williams and Zhana Vrangalova (2013); Jeremy Jabbour et al. (2020).
461
Alfred Kinsey et al. (1948), p. 639.
462
Milton Diamond, Nature loves variety, society hates it, interview, December 24, 2013, www.youtube.com/watch?v=6MvNisJ7FoQ.
463
Adam Rutherford (2020).
464
Simon LeVay (1996), p. 209.
465
David Greenberg (1988); Pieter Adriaens and Andreas de Block (2006).
466
Malcolm Potts and Roger Short (1999), p. 74.
467
Sergey Gavrilets and William Rice (2006).
468
Benedict Regan et al. (2001).
469
Frans de Waal (2009); Cammie Finch (2016).
470
Cindy Meston and David Buss (2007).
471
Joan Roughgarden (2017), p. 512.
472
Mary Midgley (1995).
473
Robert Sapolsky (1997); Rebecca Jordan-Young and Katrina Karkazis (2019).
474
Gina Rippon (2019).
475
Simon Baron-Cohen in The gendered brain debate (podcast), How To Academy, n. d., howtoacademy.com/podcasts/the-gendered-brain-debate.
476
Margaret McCarthy (2016); Erin Hecht et al. (2020).
477
Frans de Waal (2001); Victoria Horner and Frans de Waal (2009).
478
Евангелие от Фомы, Sacred-Texts.com, www.sacred-texts.com/chr/thomas.htm.
479
Antonio Damasio (1999), p. 143.
480
Brian Calvert (1975); Elizabeth Spelman (1982).
481
Mark O'Connell (2017).
482
Elizabeth Spelman (1982), p. 120.
483
Elizabeth Wilson (1998).