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31. W. B. Britton and R. R. Bootzin, “Near-Death Experiences and the Temporal Lobe,” American Psychological Society 15, no. 4 (2004): 254–258.
32. K. R. Nelson et al., “Does the Arousal System Contribute to Near Death Experience?” Neurology 66, no. 1 (2006): 1003–1009.
33. J. Long and J. M. Holden, “Does the Arousal System Contribute to Near-Death and Out-of-Body Experiences? A Summary and Response,” Journal of Near-Death Studies 25, no. 3 (2007): 135–169.
34. Статья 30-х годов ХХ века – O. Pfister, “Shockdenken und Shockphantasien bei höchster Todesgefahr,” Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse 16 (1930): 430–455. Переведена: R. Noyes и R. Kletti, опубликована под названием: “Shock Thoughts and Fantasies in Extreme Mortal Danger.” Кросс-культурные сравнения, см.: A. Kellehear, Experiences Near Death: Beyond Medicine and Religion (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996).
35. G. K. Athappilly, B. Greyson, and I. Stevenson, “Do Prevailing Society Models Influence Reports of Near-Death Experiences: A Comparison of Accounts Reported Before and After 1975,” Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 194, no. 3 (2006): 218–233.
36. B. Greyson, “Dissociation in People Who Have Near-Death Experiences: Out of Their Bodies or Out of Their Minds?” Lancet 355 (2000): 460–63.
37. Woerlee, Mortal Minds; Blackmore, Dying to Live.
38. Woerlee, Mortal Minds; Blackmore, Dying to Live; Sabom, Recollections of Death.
39. S. Parnia and P. Fenwick, “Near-Death Experiences in Cardiac Arrest: Visions of a Dying Brain or Visions of a New Science of Consciousness. Review Article,” Resuscitation 52 (2002): 5–11; E. W. Cook, B. Greyson, and I. Stevenson, “Do Any Near-Death Experiences Provide Evidence for the Survival of Human Personality After Death? Relevant Features and Illustrative Case Reports,” Journal of Scientific Exploration 12 (1998): 377–406; K. Ring and S. Cooper, Mindsight: Near-Death and Out-of-Body Experiences in the Blind (Palo Alto, CA: William James Center/Institute of Transpersonal Psychology, 1999).
40. Sabom, Recollections of Death.
41. M. M. Ghoneim and R. I. Block, “Learning and Memory During General Anaesthesia: An Update,” Anesthesiology 87 (1997): 387–410.
42. О пациентах под общим наркозом, см.: E. R. John et al., “Invariant Reversible QEEG Effects of Anesthetics,” Consciousness and Cognition 10 (2001): 165–183. Об исследованиях с применением фМРТ для пациентов в коме, см.: S. Laureys et al., “Brain Function in the Vegetative State,” в кн.: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 550: Brain Death and Disorders of Consciousness, ed. C. Machado and D. A. Shewmon, 229–238 (New York: Kluwer/Plenum, 2004). См. также: Kelly and Kelly, Irreducible Mind, 367–421.
43. D. B. Cheek, “Unconscious Perception of Meaningful Sounds During Surgical Anaesthesia as Revealed Under Hypnosis,” American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis 1 (1959): 101–113.
44. Kelly and Kelly, Irreducible Mind.
45. Blackmore, Dying to Live.
46. Kelly and Kelly, Irreducible Mind.
47. B. Greyson, J. M. Holden, and J. P. Mounsey, “Failure to Elicit Near-Death Experiences in Induced Cardiac Arrest,” Journal of Near-Death Studies 25, no. 2 (2006): 85–98.
48. J. C. Saavedra-Aguilar and J. S. Gómez-Jeria, “A Neurobiological Model for Near-Death Experiences,” Journal of Near-Death Studies 7 (1989): 205–222.
1. Эти факты подтверждены в исследовании пациентов-сердечников, проведенном Шванингером и его коллегами: J. Schwaninger et al., “A Prospective Analysis of Near-Death Experiences in Cardiac Arrest Patients,” Journal of Near-Death Studies 20 (2002): 215–232. В их исследованиях ОСО у пациентов с остановкой сердца, сравнимых с нашим исследованием, участвовало 174 реанимированных пациента, из которых 119 человек (68 %) умерли. Из выживших 55 пациентов лишь 30 (17 %) удалось расспросить. У остальных 25 пациентов был диагностирован необратимый ущерб, нанесенный мозгу к моменту запланированного собеседования. Еще одно исследование провели Парниа, Фенвик и другие: S. Parnia et al., “A Qualitative and Quantitative Study of the Incidence, Features and Aetiology of Near Death Experience in Cardiac Arrest Survivors,” Resuscitation 48 (2001): 149–156. В это исследование были включены 220 пациентов с остановкой сердца, исследование имело продолжительность более года; из этих пациентов 62 % умерло и лишь 63 пациента (28 %) удалось расспросить.
2. R. F. Hoffman, “Disclosure Habits After Near-Death Experience: Influences, Obstacles and Listeners Selection,” Journal of Near-Death Studies 14 (1995): 29–48.
3. K. Ring, Heading Toward Omega: In Search of the Meaning of the Near-Death Experience (New York: William Morrow, 1984).
4. P. van Lommel et al., “Near-Death Experiences in Survivors of Cardiac Arrest: A Prospective Study in the Netherlands,” Lancet 358 (2001): 2039–2045.
5. M. J. Sauve et al., “Patterns of Cognitive Recovery in Sudden Cardiac Arrest Survivors: The Pilot Study,” Heart Lung 25, no. 3 (1996): 172–181.
6. B. Greyson, “Incidence and Correlates of Near-Death Experiences in a Cardiac Care Unit,” General Hospital Psychiatry 25 (2003): 269–276.
7. Hoffman, “Disclosure Habits.”
8. Ring, Heading Toward Omega.
9. Американское исследование – Greyson, “Incidence and Correlates”; британское – Parnia et al., “Cardiac Arrest Survivors”; см. также: P. Sartori, “The Incidence and Phenomenology of Near-Death Experiences,” Network Review (Scientific and Medical Network) 90 (2006): 23–25.
10. Greyson, “Incidence and Correlates.”
11. Parnia et al, “Cardiac Arrest Survivors.”
12. M. B. Sabom, Recollections of Death: A Medical Investigation (New York: Harper & Row, 1982).
13. P. Sartori, P. Badham, and P. Fenwick, “A Prospectively Studied Near-Death Experience with Corroborated Out-of-Body Perception and Unexplained Healing,” Journal of Near-Death Studies 25, no. 2 (2006): 69–84.
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3. S. Parnia et al., “A Qualitative and Quantitative Study of the Incidence, Features and Aetiology of Near-Death Experiences in Cardiac Arrest Survivors,” Resuscitation 48 (2001): 151.
4. P. Sartori, “The Incidence and Phenomenology of Near-Death Experiences,” Network Review (Scientific and Medical Network) 90 (2006): 23–25.
5. S. Parnia and P. Fenwick, “Near-Death Experiences in Cardiac Arrest: Visions of a Dying Brain or Visions of a New Science of Consciousness. Review article,” Resuscitation 52 (2002): 5–11.
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10. D. S. Smith et al., “Reperfusion Hyperoxia in the Brain After Circulatory Arrest in Humans,” Anesthesiology 73 (1990): 12–19.
11. Mayer and Marx, “Cerebral Anoxia”; G. Buunk, J. G. van der Hoeven, and A. E. Meinders, “Cerebral Blood Flow After Cardiac Arrest,” Netherlands Journal of Medicine 57 (2000): 106–112; Losasso et al., “Electroencephalographic Monitoring.”
12. E. D. Kelly and E. W. Kelly, “Unusual Experiences Near Death and Related Phenomena,” chap. 6, в кн: Irreducible Mind: Toward a Psychology for the 21stCentury (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007), 418.
13. M. J. Sauve et al., “Patterns of Cognitive Recovery in Sudden Cardiac Arrest Survivors: The Pilot Study,” Heart Lung 25, no. 3 (1996): 172–181.
14. M. Fujioka et al., “Hippocampal Damage in the Human Brain After Cardiac Arrest,” Cerebrovascular Diseases 10, no. 1 (2000): 2–7; H. C. Kinney et al., “Neuropathological Findings in the Brain of Karen Ann Quinlan: The Role of the Thalamus in the Persistent Vegetative State,” New England Journal of Medicine 330, no. 26 (1994): 1469–1475.
15. G. W. van Dijk, “Bewustzijn” [Сознание], в кн.: