67 (1909): 787.
30. K. Landsteiner and C. Levaditi. “La transmission de la paralysie infantile auxsinges.” Comptes Rendu des Séances de la Société de Biologie 67 (1909): 592.
31. Flexner, S., and P. A. Lewis. “The Nature of the Virus of Epidemic Poliomyelitis.” Journal of the American Medical Association 53 (1909): 2095.
32. Flexner, S. New York Times, March 9, 1911.
33. Burnet, M., and J. Macnamara. “Immunologic Differences Between Strains of Poliomyelitic Virus.” British Journal of Experimental Pathology 12 (1931): 57–61.
34. Gould, T. A Summer Plague: Polio and Its Survivors. New Haven, CT; London: Yale University Press, 1995.
35. Burns, A. V. “The Scourge of 1916 – America’s First and Worst Polio Epidemic.” American Legion Magazine, September 1966.
36. New York Times, July 7, 1916.
37. New York Times, July 14, 1916.
38. McIntire, R. T. Twelve Years with Roosevelt. London: Putnam, 1948.
39. Ward, G. A First Class Temperament: The Emergence of Franklin D. Roosevelt. New York: Harper & Row, 1989.
40. Neal, S. Happy Days Are Here Again. New York: Harper-Collins, 2004.
41. Kling, K., A. Petterson, and W. Wernstedt. Experimental and Pathological Investigation (Investigations on Epidemic Infantile Paralysis). Stockholm: State Medical Institute of Sweden, 1912.
42. Melnick, J. L. “Enteroviruses: Polioviruses, Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, and Newer Enteroviruses.” In Fields Virology, edited by B. N. Fields, 655–712. New York: Lippincott-Raven, 1996.
43. Vipond, A. E. “Etiology of Poliomyelitis.” British Medical Journal, November 18, 1911.
44. Enders, J. F., F. C. Robbins, and T. H. Weller. “The Cultivation of the Poliomyelitis Viruses in Tissue Culture. Nobel Lecture 1954.” Reviews of Infectious Diseases 2 (1980): 493–504.
45. Melnick, J. L. “Live Attenuated Poliovirus Vaccines.” In Vaccines, edited by S. A. Plotkin and E. A Mortimer, Jr., 155–204. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1994.
46. Carter, R. Breakthrough: The Saga of Jonas Salk. New York: Trident Press, 1966.
47. Rosenstein, S., and L. Garrett. “Polio’s Return: A Who Done It”? American Interest (Spring 2006): 19–27.
48. Horaud, F. “Albert B. Sabin and the Development of Oral Poliovaccine.” Biologicals 21 (1993): 311–16.
49. Pallansch, M. “Ending Use of Oral Poliovirus Vaccine – A Difficult Move in the Polio End Game.” New England Journal of Medicine 379 (2018): 801–3.
Глава 8. Вирусы гепатита: устрицы, переливание крови и рак
1. Hollinger, F. B., and S. U. Emerson. “Hepatitis A Virus.” In Fields Virology, 5th ed., edited by D. Knipe and P. Howley, 911–48. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.
2. https://www.cdc.gov.gov/hepatitis.
3. Rowlands, D. J. “Human Hepatitis A Virus Is United with a Host of Relations.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 112 (2015): 15010–11.
4. Seeger, C., F. Zoulin, and W. S. Mason. “Hepadaviruses.” In Fields Virology, 5th ed., edited by D. M. Knipe and P. Howley, 2977–3030. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.
5. Lemon, S. M., C. M. Walker, M. J. Alter, and M. Yi. “Hepatitis C Viruses.” In Fields Virology, 5th ed., edited by D. M. Knipe and P. Howley, 1253–1305. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.
6. Sunbul, M. “Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes: Global Distribution and Clinical Importance.” World Journal of Gastroenterology 20 (2014): 5427–34.
7. Lim, S. G., R. Mohammed, M. F. Yuen, and J. H. Kao. “Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis B Virus Infection.” Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 24 (2009): 1352–57.
8. Wong, C. H., and K. L. Goh. “Chronic Hepatitis B Infection and Liver Cancer.” Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal 2 (2006): e7.
9. https://www.who/ int/ hepatitis.
10. “Eliminating Viral Hepatitis: Time to Match Visions with Action.” Editorial, Lancet 390 (2017): 2121.
11. Wang, L. S., L. S. D’Souza, and I. M. Jacobson. “Hepatitis C-A Clinical Review.” Journal of Medical Virology 88 (2016): 1844–55.
12. Rice, C. M., and M. Saeed. “Treatment Triumphs.” Nature 510 (2014): 43–44.
13. Williams, C. L. “Ralf Bartenschlager, Charles Rice, and Michael Sofia Are Honored with the 2016 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award.” Journal of Clinical Investigation 126 (2016): 3639–44.
14. Starr, D. Blood: An Epic History of Medicine and Commerce. New York: Knopf, 1998.
15. Cockayne, E. A. “Catarrhal Jaundice, Sporadic and Epidemic, and Its Relation to Acute Yellow Atrophy of the Liver.” Quarterly Journal of Medicine 6 (1912): 1–28.
16. McDonald, S. “Acute Yellow Atrophy.” Edinburgh Medical Journal 15 (1908): 208.
17. Blumer, G. “Infectious Jaundice in the United States.” Journal of the American Medical Association 81 (1923): 353–58.
18. Boggs, J. D., J. L. Melnick, M. E. Conrad, and B. F. Felsher. “Viral Hepatitis: Clinical and Tissue Culture Studies.” Journal of the American Medical Association 214 (1970): 1041–46.
19. Havens, W. P., Jr. “Viral Hepatitis.” Postgraduate Medical Journal 39 (1963): 212–23.
20. Krugman, S., J. P. Giles, and J. Hammond. “Infectious Hepatitis: Evidence for Two Distinctive Clinical Epidemiological and Immunological Types of Infection.” Journal of the American Medical Association 200 (1967): 365–73.
21. MacCallum, F. O., W. H. Bradley, C. E. van Rooyen, et al. “Infective Hepatitis and Allied Conditions.” In History of the Second World War: Medicine and Pathology, Vol. 2, 257–67. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1952.
22. Medical Research Council. Infective Hepatitis: Studies in East Anglia During the Period 1943–1947. Special Report Series No. 273. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1951.
23. Voegt, H. “Zur Aetiologie der Hepatitis Epidemica.” Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift 89 (1942): 76–79.
24. Marr, J. S., and J. T. Cathey. “The Yellow Fever Vaccine Misadventure of 1942.” Journal of Public Health Management and Practice 23 (2017): 651–57.
25. Seeff, L. B., G. W. Beebe, J. H. Hoofnagle, J. E. Norman, Z. Buskell-Bales, J. G. Waggoner, N. Kaplowitz, et al. “A Serologic Follow-Up of the 1942 Epidemic of Post-Vaccination Hepatitis in the United States Army.” New England Journal of Medicine 316 (1987): 965–70.
26. Norman, J. E., G. W. Beebe, J. H. Hoofnagle, and L. B. Seeff. “Mortality Follow-Up of the 1942 Epidemic of Hepatitis B in the U.S. Army.” Hepatology 18 (1993): 790–97.
27. MacCallum, F. O. “Homologous Serum Jaundice.” Lancet 2 (1947): 691–92.
28. Krugman, S., R. Ward, and J. P. Giles. “The Natural History of Infectious Hepatitis.” American Journal of Medicine 32 (1962): 717–28.
29. Murray, R. “Viral Hepatitis.” Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 31 (1955): 341–58.
30. Hamilton, V. “Follow-Up on Shellfish-Associated Hepatitis: Southern United States.” MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 22 (1973): 388.
31. Ruddy, S. J., R. F. Johnson, J. W. Mosley, J. B. Atwater, M. A. Rossetti, and J. C. Hart. “An Epidemic of Clam-Associated Hepatitis.” Journal of the American Medical Association 208 (1969): 649–55.
32. Amon, J. J., R. Devasia, G. Xia, O. V. Nainan, S. Hall, B. Lawson, J. S. Wolthuis, et al. “Molecular Epidemiology of Foodborne Hepatitis A Outbreaks in the United States, 2003.” Journal of Infectious Diseases 192 (2005): 1323–30.
33. Schilling, D. R. “Adult Oysters Filter Fifty Gallons of Water Per Day.” Industry Tap, June 23, 2015. www.industrytap.com/ adult– oysters– filterfiftygallons– water– day// 28760.
34. Feinstone, S. M., A. Z. Kapikian, and R. H. Purcell. “Hepatitis A: Detection by Immune Electron Microscopy of a Virus-Like Antigen Associated with Acute Illness.” Science 182 (1973): 1026–28.
35. Sisson, P. “Two Years After It Started, San Diego Declares End to Deadly Hepatitis A Outbreak.” San Diego Union Tribune, October 30, 2018.
36. November 15, 2018. https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/sdc/hhsa/programs/phs/community_epidemiolo.
37. Portnoy, B. L., P. A. Mackowiak, C. T. Caraway, J. A. Walker, T. W. McKinley, and C. A. Klein, Jr. “Oyster-Associated Hepatitis. Failure of Shellfish Certification Programs to Prevent Outbreaks.” Journal of the American Medical Association 233 (1975): 1065–68.
38. Pinto, R. M., M. I. Costafreda, and A. Bosch. “Risk Assessment in Shellfish-Borne Outbreaks of Hepatitis A.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75 (2009): 7350–55.
39. US Food and Drug Administration. “FDA Investigates Outbreak of Hepatitis A Illnesses Linked to Raw Scallops.” August 24, 2016. https://www.fda.gov/Food/RecallsOutbreaksEmergencies/Outbreaks/ucm517289.htm.
40. Alter, H. J. “The Road Not Taken or How I Learned to Love the Liver: A Personal Perspective on Hepatitis History.” Hepatology 59 (2014): 4–12.
41. Alter, H. J., and H. G. Klein. “The Hazards of Blood Transfusion in Historical Perspective.” Blood 112 (2008): 2617–26.
42. “City Blood Program Is Termed Chaotic.” New York Journal-American, May 3, 1963.
43. Blumberg, B. S., H. J. Alter, and S. A. Visnich. “A New Antigen in Leukemia Sera.” Journal of the American Medical Association 191 (1965): 541–46.
44. Alter, H. S., and B. S. Blumberg. “Further Studies on a ‘New’ Human Isoprecipitin System (Australia Antigen).” Blood 27 (1966): 297–309.
45. Blumberg, B. S. “Polymorphism of Serum Proteins for Different Populations: Australia Antigen Blood Proteins.” Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology, 1976.