Мои дети Джек, Джоуи, Марта и Элиза – это мое все. Они даже давали непрошеные советы по редактуре – например, настояли, чтобы я выбросила из главы с благодарностями все каламбуры с гормонами и «Возбуждением». И, наконец, спасибо Стюарту – это все химия.
Примечания
Подробности жизни и смерти Бланш Грей позаимствованы из следующих источников: “Trying to Steal The Fat Bride: Resurrectionists Twice Baffl ed in Attempts to Rob The Grave,” New York Times, October 20, 1883; “The Fat Girl’s Funeral: Her Remains Deposited in a Capacious Grave at Mt. Olivet,” Baltimore Sun, October 29, 1884; “More than a Better Half,” The New York Times, September 26, 1883; “The Fattest of Brides Dead,” Baltimore Sun, October 27, 1883; “Her Fat Killed Her,” Chicago Daily Tribune, October 27, 1883; “How the Late Fat Girl’s Husband was Scared,” San Francisco Chronicle, November 19, 1883; “Sudden Death of Fat Woman,” The Irish Times, The Weekly Irish Times, November 17, 1883; “A Ponderous Bride,” Baltimore Sun, September 26, 1883. Обзор первых лет эндокринологии дается в книге V. C. Medvei, A History of Endocrinology (Lancaster, U.K.: MTP Press), 1984.
1. “Trying to Steal the Fat Bride: Resurrectionists Twice Baffl ed in Attempts to Rob the Grave,” The New York Times, October 20, 1883.
2. Robert Bogdan, Freak Show: Presenting Human Oddities for Amusment and Profi t (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998); Rachel Adams, Sideshow U. S. A.: Freaks and the American Cultural Imagination (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001).
3. Aimee Medeiros, Heightened Expectations (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2016).
4. Fielding H. Garrison, “Ductless Glands, Internal Secretions and Hormonic Equilibrium,” Popular Science Monthly, December 1914, 531–538.
5. J. Lindholm and P. Laurberg, “Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Substitution: Historical Aspects,” Journal of Thyroid Research 2011 (March 2011): 1–10.
6. Steve Cuozzo, “$wells Take Bowery,” New York Post, December 26, 2012.
7. “More Than a Better Half,” New York Times, September 26, 1883.
8. “The Fat Bride,” Australian Town and Country Journal, January 12, 1884.
9. “The Fat Bride,” Manawatu Times, January 28, 1884, доступно в интернете по адресу: http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=MT18840128.2.20.
10. “The Fat Girl’s Funeral: Her Remains Deposited in a Capacious Grave at Mt. Olivet,” Baltimore Sun, October 29, 1883.
11. Roy Porter, The Greatest Gift to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity (New York: W. W. Norton, 1997), 305.
12. Homer P. Rush, “A Biographical Sketch of Arnold Adolf Berthold: An Early Experimenter with Ductless Glands,” Annals of Medical History 1 (1929): 208–214; Arnold Adolph Berthold, “The Transplantation of Testes,” translated by D. P. Quiring, Bulletin of the History of Medicine 16, no. 4 (1944): 399–401.
13. Rush, “A Biographical Sketch.”
14. Albert Q. Maisel, The Hormone Quest (New York: Random House, 1965).
15. Lindholm and Laurberg, “Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Substitution.”
16. Henry Dale, “Thomas Addison: Pioneer of Endocrinology,” British Medical Journal 2, no. 4623 (1949): 347–352.
17. Там же.
18. Michael J. Aminoff, Brown-Séquard: An Improbable Genius Who Transformed Medicine (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011); Porter, The Greatest Gift to Mankind, 564; John Henderson, The Life of Ernest Starling (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005).
Подробности о «деле Коричневого пса» позаимствованы из следующих источников: Peter Mason, The Brown Dog Affair: The Story of a Monument that Divided a Nation (London: Two Sevens, 1997) и Henderson, The Life of Ernest Starling, а также Hilda Kean, “An Exploration of the Sculptures of Greyfriars Bobby, Edinburgh, Scotland, and the Old Brown Dog in Battersea, South London, England,” Journal of Human – Animal Studies 11, no. 4 (2003): 353–373; J. H. Baron, “The Brown Dog Affair,” British Medical Journal 2, no. 4991 (1956): 547–548; David Grimm, Citizen Canine: Our Evolving Relationship with Cats and Dogs (New York: Public Affairs, 2014); and Coral Lansbury, The Old Brown Dog: Women,Workers and Vivisectionists in Edwardian England (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985). Информация об эндокринологии начала XX века взята из Medvei, A History of Endocrinology; Merriley Elaine Borell, “Origins of the Hormone Concept: Internal Secretions and the Physiological Research 1895–1905,” PhD thesis in the history of science, Yale University, 1976.
1. Mason, The Brown Dog Affair, 25.
2. Grimm, Citizen Canine, 48.
3. Mason, The Brown Dog Affair, 45.
4. Там же, 48.
5. Diana Long Hall, “The Critic and the Advocate: Contrasting British Views on the State of Endocrinology in the Early 1920s,” Journal of the History of Biology 9, no. 2 (1976): 269–285.
6. Henderson, The Life of Ernest Starling.
7. Rom Harré, “Pavlov’s Dogs and Schrödinger’s Cat: Scenes from the Living Laboratory,” (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009).
8. Там же.
9. Irvin Modlin and Mark Kidd, “Ernest Starling and the Discovery of Secretin,” Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 32, no. 3 (2001): 187–192.
10. Barry H. Hirst, “Secretin and the Exposition of Hormonal Control,” Journal of Physiology 560, no. 2 (2004): 339.
11. W. M. Bayliss and Ernest H. Starling, “Preliminary Communication on the Causation of the So-Called ‘Peripheral Refl ex Secretion’ of the Pancreas,” Lancet 159, no. 4099 (1902): 813.
12. Modlin and Kidd, “Ernest Starling and the Discovery of Secretin.”
13. W. M. Bayliss and Ernest H. Starling, “On the Causation of the So-Called ‘Peripheral Refl ex Secretion’ of the Pancreas (Prelmiinary Communication),” Proceedings of the Royal Society B69 (1902): 352–353.
14. Modlin and Kidd, “Ernest Starling and the Discovery of Secretin.”
15. Hirst, “Secretin and the Exposition of Hormonal Control.”
16. Jessica Y. S. Chu et al., “Secretin as a neurohypophysial factor regulating body water homeostasis,” PNAS 106, no. 37 (2009): 15961–15966.
17. Bayliss and Starling, “On the Causation.”
18. Lizzy Lind af Hageby and Leisa Katherina Schartau, Shambles of Science: Extracts from the Diary of Two Students of Physiology (London: Ernest Bell, 1903).
19. Там же.
20. Mason, The Brown Dog Affair, 11.
21. Подробности дела позаимствованы из следующих источников: “Bayliss v. Coleridge,” British Medical Journal 2, no. 2237 (1903): 1298–1300; “Bayliss v. Coleridge (Continued),” British Medical Journal 2, no. 2238 (1903): 1361–1371; and “Was It Torture? The Ladies and the Dogs, Doctors and the Experiments,” Daily News, November 18, 1903.
22. “He Liveth Best Who Loveth Best, All Things Both Great and Small,” Daily News, November 19, 1903.
23. Mason, The Brown Dog Affair, 19–20.
24. “The Vivisection Case,” Globe and Traveler, November 19, 1903.
25. Ernest H. Starling, The Croonian Lectures on the Chemical Correlation of the Functions of the Body, Royal College of Physicians, 1905, доступно в интернете по адресу: archive.org/details/b2497626x.
26. Там же.
27. Medvei, A History of Endocrinology, 27; Hirst, “Secretin and the Exposition of Hormonal Control.”
28. Sir Humphrey Rolleston, “Endocrines in Theory and Practice,” British Medical Journal 1, no. 3984 (1937): 1033–1036.
29. Там же.
30. Henderson, The Life of Ernest Starling.
31. Starling, The Croonian Lectures, 35.
32. Henderson, The Life of Ernest Starling, 153.
33. “Battersea Has a Brown Dog,” editorial, New York Times, January 8, 1908.
34. Marjorie F. M. Martin, “The Brown Dog of University College,” British Medical Journal 2, no. 4993 (1956): 661.
35. “Battersea Loses Famous Dog Statue,” New York Times, March 13, 1910.
36. Hilda Kean, “The Smooth Cool Men of Science: The Feminist and Social Response to Vivisection,” History Workshop Journal, no. 40 (1995): 16–38.
Биографические данные о Харви Кушинге позаимствованы из следующих источников: Michael Bliss, Harvey Cushing: A Life in Surgery (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), и Aaron Cohen-Gadol and Dennis D. Spencer, The Legacy of Harvey Cushing (New York: Thieme Medical Publishers, 2007); во второй книге приводятся фотографии операций Кушинга (их можно найти на выставке в Йельском университете). Также я просмотрела переписку Кушинга в Harvey Williams Cushing Papers, MS 160, Manuscripts and Archives, Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University. Я взяла интервью у доктора Денниса Спенсера, профессора отделения нейрохирургии им. Харви и Кейт Кушингов Йельского университета; доктора Кристофера Джона Уола, хирурга-ортопеда из Ассоциации врачей-ортопедов (Сиэтл, штат Вашингтон); доктора Тары Брюс, акушера-гинеколога (Хьюстон, Техас); доктора Жиля Солитера, отставного невропатолога; и Терри Дагради, фотографа и координатора Центра Кушинга в Йельском университете.
1. Bliss, Harvey Cushing, 166.
2. Там же, 274.
3. Доктор Деннис Спенсер, интервью автора.
4. Bliss, Harvey Cushing, 481.
5. Courtney Pendleton et al., “Harvey Cushing’s Attempt at the First Human Pituitary Transplantation,” Nature Reviews Endocrinology 6 (2010): 48–52.